改革开放40年中拉关系回顾与思考  

Review on Sino-Latin American Relations during the 40 Years since the Reform and Opening-up of China

作　　者：谢文泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所经济室

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2018年第1期11-35,154-155,共25页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"中国与拉丁美洲国家经贸关系研究"(编号:15BGJ017);国家社科基金重大项目"中拉关系及对拉战略研究"(编号:15DA067);"‘一带一路’倡议下郑州建设国家中心城市--美洲地区合作重点方向及领域研究"项目的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文将改革开放以来中拉关系的发展历程划分为3个阶段。1978—2001年为第一阶段,"高访驱动"是主线,主要成就包括中国扩大和巩固在拉外交阵地,与部分拉美国家深化和升级双边关系,中国复关/入世得到拉美国家的理解和支持。2002—2012年为第二阶段,"贸易驱动"是主线,主要成就包括中拉贸易实现"三级跳",贸易、投资、金融合作全面展开,中拉双边关系形成三层次、多元化大格局。2013年以来为第三阶段,整体合作是主线,主要成就包括中拉建立全面合作伙伴关系,中拉经贸合作跨入"金融驱动"阶段,中拉开始对接"一带一路"。在中拉关系发展诸多成就中,准确把握拉美地区的3个特点、构建中拉关系的"四梁八柱"是两项突出成就。中拉双方正在进行新一轮战略调适,向拉美国家阐明中国新时代发展战略的经济意义,展现中国继续扩大开放的坚定决心,支持拉美一体化和拉美国家团结,分析总结经贸合作经验,探索多种形式的自由贸易合作机制,将有助于推进中拉整体合作。The development process of Sino-Latin American relations since the reform and opening-up of China can be divided into three phases with particular driving forces.The first phase of 1978-2001 was characterized by "top-level-visits-driven",with major achievements as follows,China expanded and consolidated diplomatic position in the region,China deepened or upgraded the bilateral relations with some regional countries,China’s re-entry into GATT/entry into WTO got supported by regional countries.The second phase of 2002-2012 was characterized by "trade-driven" with main achievements such as the "triple jumps" of China-Latin America trade,the full development of bilateral economic cooperation,and the establishment of a three-level pluralistic pattern of bilateral relations.Overall cooperation is the main line of the third phase since 2013.All-round cooperative partnership between China and Latin America got established,with the bilateral economic cooperation characterized by "financing-driven".Latin American countries started to align with the "One Belt,One Road" initiated by China.It’s essential to understand the three characteristics of Latin America and establish "Four Beans and Eight Pillars" of Sino-Latin American relations.As China and Latin America are carrying out a new round of strategic adjustment,it will be helpful to promote Sino-Latin America overall cooperation by illustrating the economic significance of China’s new era development strategy,demonstrating China’s determination of further opening-up,supporting the regional integration of Latin American countries,taking advantage of the successful experiences of the typical economic cooperation cases.

关 键 词：改革开放 中拉关系 高访驱动 贸易驱动 

分 类 号：D822.3[政治法律—政治学]