2014年鲁甸M_S6.5级地震时空分布聚类分析  

Spatio-temporal Distribution of the Ludian′s M_S6.5 Earthquake in 2014 Based on Cluster Analysis

作　　者：李鸣蝉 杨昆[2,3] 许泉立[1,2] 张韶华[1,2] LI Mingchan;YANG Kun;XU Quanli;ZHANG Shaohua(School of Tourism and Geography Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500;GIS Technology Engineering Research Centre for West-China Resources and Environment of Educational Ministry,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500;School of Information Science and Technology,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]西部资源环境地理信息技术教育部工程研究中心,云南昆明650500 [3]云南师范大学信息学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2018年第2期66-72,共7页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461038);高等学校博士学科点专项联合基金项目(20115303110002);云南省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2011XX2005)

摘　　要：地震事件的时空分布特征和丛集规律直观反映了地震强度和活动区域,对于准确掌握灾情和实施紧急救援具有重要意义。该文根据中国地震台网2014年8月3日鲁甸MS6.5级地震的实测数据,首先对地震目录的空间位置和震级进行了离差平方和法的层次聚类,再从地震时间序列中分离出趋势分量进行趋势分析,最后将层次聚类与K-means聚类、DBSCAN聚类进行了对比分析。结果表明:1)主震周围及其东南方向是地震发生次数最多(共1 663次,占地震事件的77.89%)、强度最大(主震周边的全部能量等效震级达6.60级)的区域,这与包谷垴—小河断裂的走向一致。2)大震与小震的聚集关系明显,主震周边的样本数最多(699个)。3)震级总体趋势递减,8月3-6日,震级呈现出急剧下降状态(从最高的6.5级下降到0.5级左右),而且夜晚震级较白天高。4)K-means聚类的有效性最高,层次聚类次之,DBSCAN聚类最低;但层次聚类结果的可解释性更好。The spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and cluster rules of earthquake events directly reflect the intensity and activity area of earthquakes,which is of great significance for accurately grasping the disaster situation and implementing emergency rescue.In this paper,the records of seismic activity details about the Ludian′s MS6.5 Earthquake in 2014 was extracted according to the measured data of the China Earthquake Network Center.Firstly,the spatial location and magnitude of the earthquakes dataset were used to carry out hierarchical clustering in Ward′s method.Then the trend component of seismic time series was separated for trend analyzing.Finally,a comparative analysis of the hierarchical clustering,K-means clustering and DBSCAN clustering was implemented.The results show that:1)the number of earthquakes is largest(about 1663 times,accounting for 77.89%of all the earthquake events)and the intensity is most violent(the total energy equivalent magnitude of the main shock area is around 6.60)in the area around main shock and its southeast area,which is consistent with the trend of Baogunao-Xiaohe Fault Line;2)the aggregational relationship between large and small earthquakes is obvious,and the main shock has the largest number of samples of 699;3)the overall trend of magnitude is decreasing,especially from 3rd to 6th,August,and magnitude has a sharp drop from M S6.5 to M S0.5.Besides,the trend of night is higher than daytime′s.4)K-means method is the most efficient,followed by hierarchical clustering and DBSCAN clustering,but the result of hierarchical clustering is better interpretable.

关 键 词：层次聚类 时空分析 R语言 鲁甸地震 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]