由城入乡:逆城市化的本土实践与理论重构  

From the City into the Countryside:The Local Practice and Theoretical Reconstruction of Counter Urbanization

作　　者：沈东 

机构地区：[1]河海大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《人口与社会》2018年第2期22-32,共11页Population and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"有序推进农业转移人口市民化研究"(13&ZD043);中央高校基本科研业务费项目"社区思想政治工作的实践逻辑及转型"(2017B07614)

摘　　要：当代中国发生了三种不同类型的逆城市化实践:类型一是以"知识青年上山下乡"为实践形式的"政治动员型逆城市化";类型二是以户籍人口"非转农"为实践形式的"政策准入型逆城市化";类型三是以农民工"离城返乡"为实践形式的"理性选择型逆城市化"。逆城市化的本土实践表明,国家、社会以及个体发挥着不同的作用,呈现出不同的面貌,以不同的姿态介入其中,分别展现出"国家中心""社会转型"以及"个体赋权"的实践逻辑。当代中国的逆城市化不是城市化的反叛,只是城市化的重要阶段,对主流城市化战略将产生深远的影响。There are three different types of counter urbanization in contemporary China.Type 1 is the 11 political mobilization type counter urbanization11 in the form of 11 knowledge youth down to the countryside".Type 2 is the"policy admittance counter urbanization",which is the practice form of"non-rural residents transferring to rural ones".The 3 type is the"rational choice counter urbanization"which is the practice form of migrant workers"returning from the city".Counter urbanization of local practice shows that the state,society and individuals play a different role?show a different face,attitude,and show respectively a"national center",11 social transformation"and M individual empowerment"logic of practice.The counter urbanization of contemporary China is but an important stage of urbanization,which has a profound impact on the strategy of mainstream urbanization,either positive or negative,or in short or long term.

关 键 词：城市化 逆城市化 政治动员 政策准入 农民工 人口迁移 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]