硝基胍真空结晶工艺技术研究  

Study on Vacuum Crystallization Technology of Nitroguanidine

作　　者：刘琼 梁宏业 郭浩 堵平[2] 徐滨[2] LIU Qiong;LIANG Hongye;GUO Hao;DU Ping;XU Bin

机构地区：[1]辽宁庆阳特种化工有限公司,辽宁辽阳111002 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2018年第2期33-38,共6页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：针对军用棒状硝基胍现有喷雾结晶制造工艺存在的平均粒度粗、粒度分布较宽、晶型规整性不好的状况,以及针状晶型不适合在发射药中应用的技术问题,对硝基胍结晶特性、晶型转变原理、结晶工艺条件进行了分析研究,提出了采用真空结晶代替喷雾结晶制取粉状硝基胍的工艺技术途径。结果表明:采用合适的抑制剂聚乙烯醇、分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠,同时控制硝基胍溶液浓度,可以促进结晶向棒状形貌有效转化;采用抑制剂质量分数0.05%~0.08%、分散剂质量分数0.1%、结晶真空度0.096 MPa、结晶温度33℃、直喷闪蒸结晶法等工艺条件,可制备平均粒度3.3μm以下的棒状硝基胍晶体。Military powdery nitroguanidine(N Q)manufactured by spray crystallization process often appears thick average grading,wide particle size distribution,and unsatisfied crystal regularity.And NQ with acicular crystal is not suitable for application in propellants.To improve the quality of military po^wdery NQ,crystallization properties,principle of crystal transformation and crystallization process conditions of NQ were analyzed and studied.Vacuum crystallization was used to replace spray crystallization in powdery NQ production.The results show that,with appropriate inhibitors such as ploy vinyl alcohol and dispersants such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate,crystal transformation of NQ from needle-like to rod-like could be modified effectively by controlling the concentration of NQ solution.When inhibitor mass fraction is 0.0 5%-0.0 8%,dispersant mass fraction is 0.1%,crystallization vacuum is 0.0 9 6 MPa,and crystallization temperature is 33丈,the rod-like NQ crystal with an average particle size less than 3.3 pm can be obtained with the direct spraying flash distillation method.

关 键 词：硝基胍(NQ) 真空结晶 粒度 针状晶体 棒状晶体 

分 类 号：TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]