新型灭螺药氯代水杨胺环境行为研究Ⅰ——土壤吸附和淋溶特性  

Environmental behavior study of the new molluscicide LDS Ⅰ——Soil adsorption and leaching character

作　　者：元艺[1] 刘敏[2] 徐兴建[1] 何汇[1] 陈如娟 李博[1] 涂珍[1] 陈莉[1] YUAN Yi;LIU Min;XU Xing-jian;HE Hui;CHEN Ru-juan;LI Bo;TU Zhen;CHEN Li(Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Huazhong University,Wuhan 430074,China;Sichuan Chemical Industry Research and Design Institute,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中科技大学化学与化工学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]四川省化学工业研究设计院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《海洋科学》2017年第11期55-59,共5页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2004AA2Z3560);国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10004909);湖北省卫生计生血防专项(WJ2015XA002);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2015BCA315)~~

摘　　要：测定与评价新型灭螺药氯代水杨胺在土壤中的吸附和淋溶特性,为该药进行农药登记提供环境影响资料。依据中华人民共和国国家标准《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》土壤吸附试验和土壤淋溶试验方法进行了土壤吸附试验,结果表明氯代水杨胺在潮土中的吸附常数(K_d)为17.606,吸附系数(K_(oc))为1 222.6,水土比为100︰1时,氯代水杨胺在红土和黑土中的吸附率大于80%。土壤淋溶试验结果显示,氯代水杨胺在潮土中R_f(R_f表示物质在两相中分配系数相关的数值)=0.158;红土中R_f=0.085:黑土中R_f=0.085。根据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》农药土壤吸附性等级划分标准和在土壤中的移动性等级划分标准,氯代水杨胺在潮土中的吸附性能为中等吸附,在水土比为100︰1时,氯代水杨胺在红土、黑土中的吸附率大于80%。氯代水杨胺在潮土土壤中的移动性为不易移动;在红土土壤和黑土土壤中的移动性均为不移动。结论为,在p H相对较低的红土和黑土环境中,氯代水杨胺的吸附能力较强,移动性较弱,表明新型灭螺药氯代水杨胺对环境的影响较小。To measure and evaluate the adsorption and leaching characteristics to a new molluscicide of salt of quinoid 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide(Hereinafter referred to as chlorosalicylicamide(LDS))in three types of soil.The reports will be provided for drug registration.According to national standards of the People’s Republic of China,the chemical pesticide environmental safety evaluation test guidelines of soil adsorption experiment and soil leaching method.The soil adsorption test results indicates that the adsorption constants and adsorption coefficient was 17.606 and 1 222.6 in moisture soil respectively.Adsorption rate in black and red soil were both more than 80%.Soil leaching test results indicates that Rf(The Rf said material in two phase distribution coefficient related values)in moisture soil was 0.158 while in black and red soil were both 0.085.According to the chemical pesticide environmental safety evaluation test guidelines,LDS was medium adsorption in moisture soil while more than 80%in black and red soil.LDS was not easily to leach in moisture soil,which was not move in black and red soil.The conclusion is:within the red and black soil environment,in which pH value is relatively low,the adsorption ability of LDS is stronger and less mobility,which shows that new type of molluscicide of LDS has little effect on the environment.

关 键 词：氯代水杨胺 环境行为 土壤吸附试验 土壤淋溶试验 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]