活性炭对水体中4种常用除草剂的去除效果  

The Removal Effects of Activated Carbon on Four Commonly Used Herbicides in Water

作　　者：张泰劼[1] 冯莉[1] 田兴山[1] 崔烨[1] 岳茂峰[1] ZHANG Tai-jie;FENG Li;TIAN Xing-shan;CUI Ye;YUE Mao-feng(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《杂草学报》2017年第4期55-60,共6页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划"广东省农作物病虫害绿色防控技术研究开发中心建设";农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号:201203098)

摘　　要：利用水培菜心测验活性炭对4种常用除草剂(苄嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺、二氯喹啉酸和莠去津)的去除效果。结果显示,0.5μmol/L苄嘧磺隆、五氟磺草胺和莠去津溶液处理14 d对菜心根长和鲜质量有严重的抑制作用,可使菜心濒临枯死,而相同浓度的二氯喹啉酸处理对菜心的影响较小,主要症状是根长减小。添加0.1~0.5 g/L的活性炭可基本完全解除莠去津和二氯喹啉酸对菜心根长和鲜质量的抑制作用。同时活性炭添加量为0.5 g/L时也可显著降低苄嘧磺隆对菜心鲜质量的抑制作用,但对五氟磺草胺造成的药害无缓解作用。因此,活性炭对莠去津和二氯喹啉酸的吸附去除效果较强,而对苄嘧磺隆和五氟磺草胺的吸附去除效果较差。Hydroponically cultured Brassica campestris L.was used to assess the removal capacity of activated carbon on four commonly used herbicides(bensulfuron methyl,penoxsulam,quinclorac and atrazine).The root length and fresh weight of B.campestris cultured with 0.5μmol/L bensulfuron methyl,penoxsulam and atrazine were severely inhibited at 14 days after treatment,and for those cultured with 0.5μmol/L quinclorac,only root length was inhibited.Addition of 0.1 to 0.5 g/L activated carbon to the culture medium in presence of 0.5μmol/L atrazine and quinclorac resulted in a dramatic increase in root length and fresh weight.By comparison,after 0.5 g/L activated carbon was added,the inhibition effect of 0.5μmol/L bensulfuron methyl on fresh weight of B.campestris was alleviated,but that produced by 0.5μmol/L penoxsulam remained unaffected.This results indicate that activated carbon has a better adsorption and removal capacity atrazine and quinclorac in aqueous medium,compared with that of bensulfuron methyl and penoxsulam.

关 键 词：长残效除草剂 菜心 活性炭 化学防除 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]