非能动核电厂全厂断电事故现象识别与排序研究  

Preliminary Phenomena Identifying and Ranking Table for Passive Nuclear Power Plant Station Blackout Accident

作　　者：刘宇生[1] 许超 安婕铷 庄少欣[1] 程坤 LIU Yusheng;XU Chao;AN Jieru;ZHUANG Shaoxin;CHENG Kun(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEP,Beijing 100082,China;Key Discipline Laboratory of Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]哈尔滨工程大学核安全与仿真技术国防重点学科实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《核安全》2018年第1期58-65,共8页Nuclear Safety

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目;项目编号:2015ZX06002007

摘　　要：为确定整体效应试验模拟中的重要热工水力现象,本文以AP1000为例,对AP系列非能动核电厂全厂断电工况下的事故现象进行了识别和排序。通过分析非能动全厂断电的事故进程划分了事故阶段,并基于核电厂设计进行了系统分解;通过对法规进行技术分析,获得了非能动核电厂全厂断电事故的安全要求和评判指标;通过对主回路冷却剂系统(RCS)、非能动堆芯冷却系统(PXS)内热工水力现象的识别和重要度判断,得到了非能动核电厂全厂断电事故现象识别与排序表。研究结果表明:非能动核电厂全厂断电事故可分为主回路自然循环、非能动堆芯冷却系统自然循环和长期冷却三个阶段;主冷却剂系统的水体积,尤其是稳压器内的水体积是全厂断电事故中应关注的核心评判指标;在系统部件内识别出的热工水力现象,按其对评估指标的影响程度,可进行现象重要度排序。To identify main thermal hydraulic phenomena in integral effects simulation test,the thermal hydraulic phenomena of passive nuclear power plants(PNPPs)such as AP1000 during station blackout accident(SBO)are identified and ranked.The accident phases are obtained in the basis of investigation of the accident progress and nature circulation process.The complex systems of PNPP are decomposed into components and hierarchies.The safety requirements and criteria are finally found as results of discussion on related regulations and standards.The phenomena identification and ranking table are conducted by identifying plausible phenomena and analyzing importance by phase and component of reactor coolant system(RCS)and passive core cooling system(PXS).The results show that the whole SBO accident progress of PNPPs can be divided into three periods,namely RCS nature circulation stage,PXS nature circulation stage and long term cooling stage,based on characteristics of heat sink and parametric variation.What is more,the volume of coolant in RCS,especially in the pressurizer,should be treated as main safety parameter for importance determination.For the identified thermal hydraulic phenomena in components,their importance and sequencing could be determined according to their impacts on the safety parameter.

关 键 词：全厂断电 非能动 现象识别与排序 安全判据 事故阶段 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]