相同碳氮比不同有机物料矿化1 a对烤烟生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Material Mineralization for One Year with Same C/N Ratio on Tobacco Growth and Quality

作　　者：李影[1] 张弘[1] 张玉军[1] 姜桂英[1] 朱金峰 刘世亮[1] 申凤敏 LI Ying;ZHANG Hong;ZHANG Yujun;JIANG Guiying;ZHU Jinfeng;LIU Shiliang;SHEN Fengmin

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省漯河市烟草公司,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第2期43-49,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草公司重大面上项目(LYKJ201504;HYKJ201215);国家自然科学基金项目(41401327)

摘　　要：为探索相同碳氮比不同有机物料矿化后效果,通过盆栽试验,将猪粪、玉米秸秆和生物炭按照碳氮比25∶1添加到土壤中,经过1 a自然矿化后,在添加基础肥料的基础上分析了不同有机物料对烤烟生长代谢及品质的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆和生物炭处理较对照(不添加有机物料)和猪粪处理明显提高了烤烟的农艺性状;与其他处理相比,猪粪处理显著提高了烤烟移栽后45 d的硝酸还原酶活性,而生物炭处理较其他处理显著提高了烤烟移栽后45 d的淀粉酶活性;玉米秸秆处理提高了烤烟移栽后45 d的烟叶氮含量,而猪粪处理则显著提高了移栽后75 d的烟叶钾含量。玉米秸秆处理提高了烟叶钾含量,使还原糖/总糖、糖碱比和钾氯比更加协调;玉米秸秆、生物炭处理较猪粪处理和对照促进了中部叶(C3F)中性致香物质的合成,致香物质总量分别达到191.42、178.27μg/g。综上所述,在豫中烟区,相同碳氮比下,玉米秸秆和生物炭矿化1 a对烤烟农艺性状的促进和烟叶致香物质总量的提高效果较好。In order to explore the delayed effect of mineralization of different types of organic material mineralization,the pot experiment was carried out with four treatments:(1)without organic material application(TCK);(2)add maize straw(TS);(3)add pig manure(TM);(4)add biochar(TB).All these four treatments were adjusted carbon(C)/nitrogen(N)to 25 in the first year.After mineralization for one year,the major indexes about tobacco growth and quality were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the tobacco agronomic traits were significantly improved under TS and TB treatments compared to TCK and TM treatments.The activities of nitrate reductase under TM treatment and amylase under TS treatments in tobacco leaves were significantly promoted compared to other treatment at the 45 th day after transplanting.Compared to the other treatments,the total N(TN)content in tobacco leaves under TS treatment at the 45 th day after transplanting and total potassium(K)(TK)content in tobacco leaves under TM treatments at the 75 th day after transplanting were significantly elevated.The TK content under TS treatment was higher than that under the other treatments,which resulted in the total sugar/reduced sugar,sugar/nicotine and K/Cl more harmonious.The highest total amount of aroma components were 191.42μg/g and 178.27μg/g under TS and TB treatments.In conclusion,under the same C/N ratio,after mineralization for one year,TS and TB treatments could significantly improve the agronomic trait and quality of flue-cured tobacco in the central Henan province tobacco-planting area.

关 键 词：烤烟 有机物料 碳氮代谢 矿化 生长发育 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]