岩溶山地不同植被恢复模式和年限土壤养分的变化  

Changes of Soil Nutrients Under Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns and Age Limit in Karst Mountain

作　　者：常恩福[1,2] 李娅 李品荣[1,2] 侬时增[3] 刘永国 王竣 Chang Enfu;Li Ya;Li Pinrong;Nong Shizeng;Liu Yongguo;Wang Jun(Yunnan Academy of Forestry,Kunming Yunnan 650201,China;Jianshui Station for Desert Ecological System Observation and Research,Honghe Yunnan 654399,China;Wenshan Forest Institute,Wenshan Yunnan 666300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南建水荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南红河654399 [3]文山州林业科学研究所,云南文山666300

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2018年第2期76-82,共7页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2016YFC0502504)资助;中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2015]TZYN11)资助

摘　　要：2002年、2005年、2009年、2016年8月,分别对西畴县法斗乡岩溶山地11块植被恢复模式固定样地的上、中、下部位的土样进行4次调查测定,分析不同树(草)种11种植被恢复模式和恢复年限下林地土壤养分变化及其恢复状况。结果表明:人工植被恢复14 a后,恢复年限及土壤有机质含量、速效N含量、速效P含量、速效K含量、土壤pH之间存在紧密的相关关系;土壤有机质含量在植被恢复后增幅及恢复效果明显;土壤速效N含量也可得到明显的恢复;土壤速效P含量呈"缓增-急增-缓降"的变化规律,土壤速效P含量未能得到明显恢复和改善;土壤速效K含量呈现出"缓降-急降-缓增"的变化规律,其恢复效果并不明显;土壤pH值在7 a后呈明显的下降趋势,14 a后林地土壤pH值得到有效降低并趋于稳定。限制性养分速效P及速效K含量的恢复明显滞后于有机质及速效N的恢复,说明限制性养分要得到明显的恢复需要更长的时间。基于植被恢复进程中土壤养分变化及恢复状况,建议选择模式7(香木莲+墨西哥柏木+清香木)等6种模式为云南岩溶山地人工植被恢复的优化模式。In 2002,2005,2009,and August 2016,soil samples from the upper,middle and lower parts of 11 fixed vegetation restoration sites in Fadou were determined by 4 surveys.The changes of 11 kinds of vegetation of different species of tree(grass)and the changes of soil nutrients and restoration of forestland under restoration years were analyzed.The results showed that along the 14 years succession,there was close correlation between restoration time and soil nutrient parameters such as organic matter,available N,available P,available K and pH.Soil organic matter content increased significantly after vegetation restoration and restoration effect was obvious.Soil available N content can also be significantly restored.The content of available P in soil was changed slowly’increased rapidly and then decreased’and the content of available P in soil was not recovered obviously.Soil K content showed a“slow down-sharp drop-slow increase”changes’the recovery effect was not obvious.After 7 years,the soil pH value showed a clear downward trend.After 14 years,the soil pH value in the woodland was effectively reduced and stabilized.Restricted nutrient available P and available K recoveried significantly lag behind the recovery o!organic matter and available N,indicating that restrictive nutrients to be significantly restored to take longer.Based on the change and restoration ol soil nutrients in the course ol vegetation restoration,6 species ol fragrant wood,such as Manglietia aromatica+Cupressus lusitanica and Pistacia weinmannifolia,were optimized for artificial vegetation restoration in Yunnan karst mountainous areas.

关 键 词：岩溶山地 植被 恢复 模式 年限 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]