基于流场分析的列车轮盘制动温度场仿真  

Simulation of Temperature Field of Wheel Disc Braking on Trains Based on Flow Field Analysis

作　　者：张金煜 虞大联 林鹏 

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司国家高速动车组总成工程技术研究中心,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2018年第3期8-13,共6页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：针对列车轮盘制动,建立了制动盘、车轮和车轴(轮盘)的几何模型,并根据不同区域的温度分布特点划分了疏密不同的有限元网格。根据列车的减速制动、进站停止、加速启动和匀速运行4种不同运行状态,建立了轮盘的热边界条件。采用均布热源法计算制动过程中输入制动盘面摩擦接触区的热流密度。在不同列车运行速度下,利用CFD软件对轮盘附近的流场进行稳态计算,进而获得不同速度下轮盘各表面对流换热系数的平均值,并利用最小二乘法拟合出平均对流换热系数与速度的函数关系。最后针对国内某一地铁线路,计算了连续两次紧急制动和经过10个车站的模拟运营制动(纯空气)两种工况下的轮盘温度场,得到了最高温度点的温度值随时间的变化曲线。In view of the wheel disc braking on trains,the geometrical model of the braking disc,wheels and axles(wheel disc)is established,and the finite element meshes of different densities are made on the basis of the temperature distribution features in different areas.The thermal boundary conditions of the disc are set up on the basis of four different operation conditions of speed reduction braking,stop braking in station,speed increase starting and constant speed operation.The uniform heat source method is used to calculate the density of heat flow input into the friction contact part of the brake disc surface in the process of braking.At different operation speeds of the train,the CFD software is used to make the steady-state calculation on the flow field near the brake disc,furthermore,the average value of convection heat transfer coefficients of the surfaces of the brake disc at different speeds is obtained,and the functional relation between the average convection heat transfer coefficient and the speed is fitted with the least-square method.In the end,as to a certain metro line in China,the disc temperature field based upon two working conditions of 2 continuous emergency braking and the simulated operation braking(pure air)in 10 stations is calculated,and the curve of temperatures at the highest points changing with time is obtained.

关 键 词：轮盘制动 温度场 均布热源法 对流换热系数 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]