消防应急通信网络电磁波穿透特性分析  

Analysis of Electromagnetic Wave Penetration Characteristics in Fire Emergency Communication Networks

作　　者：张月霞[1,2] 陈行[1,2] 张玉宣 ZHANG Yue-xia;CHEN Hang;ZHANG Yu-xuan(School of Information and Communication Engineering,Beijing Information Science&Technology University,Beijing 100101,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of High Dynamic Navigation Technology,Beijing Information Science&Technology University,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学信息与通信工程学院,北京100101 [2]北京信息科技大学高动态导航技术北京市重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《测控技术》2018年第3期59-62,71,共5页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目(CIT&TCD201504058);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51334003;61473039)

摘　　要：在发生火灾时,为了使消防救援迅速有效地实施,指挥员需要实时了解每一个消防员在火灾现场的位置,并进行指挥作业。但是消防通信信号受到建筑物等环境的影响而衰减,影响通信的效果,因此需要研究复杂建筑中电磁波的穿透特性,以得到消防通信中所需要的最小发送功率。利用电磁波空间损耗公式计算电磁波通信信号在空间的传输损耗,并利用时域有限差分法计算通信信号通过墙体时的穿透损耗,结合这两种方法计算电磁波在复杂消防环境中的衰减情况。建立了3种消防通信的仿真模型,仿真结果表明,建筑物越复杂电磁波衰减越大,并通过计算分析得出消防信号最小的发送功率。In order to quickly and effectively implement the fire rescue,commanders need to know the locations of each firefighter in the fire scene and command in real time.However,the transmission power of the fire emergency communication signal may be attenuated in buildings and other environments,and affects the communication effect.In order to estimate the required minimum transmission power,i f s necessary to know the penetration characteristics of electromagnetic wave in a complex building.The transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave communication signal in space was calculated by using the formula of electromagnetic wave space loss,and the penetration loss of the communication signal passing through the wall was calculated by using the finite difference time domain method.The attenuation of electromagnetic in complex eveironment was calculated combined with these two methods.Three models of fire emergency communication were established.The results show that the more complex the buildings,the greater attenuation of the electromagnetic waves.Meanwhile,the signal with the minimum transmission power can be obtained through some calculations.

关 键 词：消防救援 电磁波空间损耗 时域有限差分法 功率损耗 最小发送功率 

分 类 号：O441.5[理学—电磁学]