军人应激状态下心理健康状况的影响因素研究  

The study of influence factors of mental health in military personnel under stress

作　　者：牛威[1] 魏红辉[2] 孔令明 何明骏 朱晓丽 张理义 Niu Wei;Wei Honghui;Kong Lingming((Department of Psychological Rehabilitation,No.102 Hospital of Chinese PLA,Changzhou 213003,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军第102医院心理康复中心,常州213003 [2]浙江省立同德医院精神科 [3]全军心理疾病防治中心

出　　处：《中华保健医学杂志》2018年第1期15-18,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine

基　　金：全军后勤应用基础研究重大项目(BWS14J027)

摘　　要：目的探讨应激状态下军人心理健康状况的影响因素。方法随机整群抽样法抽取处于军训环境中的新兵313人,在军训前及军训1个月后,进行军人心理疾病预测量表、军人心理承受力量表、中国社会支持量表、自我效能量表测评,并采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)测定血清皮质醇水平,比较军训前后军人应激水平及心理健康状况,采用路径分析方法分析军人心理健康状况的影响因素。结果军训1个月后,官兵血清皮质醇(Cortisol)水平较军训前明显升高(P<0.01);军人心理疾病预测量表总分,包括精神病性、抑郁、神经症因子得分均高于军训前(P<0.05)。相关分析发现,应激状态下自我效能量表总分、心理承受力量表总分及各因子分与军人预测量表总分以及精神病性因子分、抑郁因子分、神经症因子分呈负相关(P<0.05),与躁狂因子分呈正相关(P<0.05);社会支持量表各因子分及总分与军人预测量表总分以及精神病性因子分、抑郁因子分、神经症因子分、躁狂因子分呈正相关(P<0.05)。路径分析显示,心理承受力、社会支持、自我效能均可直接影响心理健康水平,且社会支持和自我效能可通过影响心理承受力水平对心理健康产生影响。结构方程模型的拟合指数(GFR、NFI、IFI、TLI、CFI)均约等于0.9。结论心理承受力、社会支持及自我效能水平对应激状态下军人心理健康有一定影响,社会支持、自我效能可直接影响心理健康水平,并通过影响心理承受力水平,进而影响军人心理健康。Objective To explore influence factors of mental health in military personnel under stress.Methods A total of 313 recruits were chosen by random cluster sampling in Zhejiang Changxing,and were assessed by the military mental disorders predictive scale,the military personnel resilience scale,the Chinese social support scale and the self-efficacy scale.And serum cortisol was examined,using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay(ELISA)before the military training and 1 month military training later.Compare military personnel stress level and the mental health status before and after 1 month military training,and path analysis methods were employed for data processing.Results The level of serum cortisol of military personnel was significantly elevated after 1 month military training(P<0.05);The total military mental disorder scores,including total scores,factor scores of psychosis depression and neurosis were in higher level after 1 month military training(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis found that there were negative correlation between total score of self-efficacy scale,resilience scale and military mental disorders predictive scale and factor scores of psychotic depression,neurosis(P<0.05),and manic factor score(P<0.05);there were positive correlation between total score of social support scale and military mental disorders predictive scale and factor score of psychotic,depression,neurosis,manic(P<0.05).Path analysis showed that resilience,social support,self-efficacy could directly affect the mental health level,while social support and self-efficiency could affect mental endurance level by influencing the level of resilience.The structural equation model fitting indices of GFR,NFI,IFI,TLI,CFI were approximately equal to 0.9.Conclusion The resilience,social support and selfefficacy can affect military personnel's mental health when they under stress and resilience can mediate the relation between mental health and social support,self-efficacy.

关 键 词：应激 皮质醇 心理健康 心理承受力 社会支持 自我效能 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]