神经增强技术:伦理争议与政策规制  

Neuroenhancement:Ethical Considerations and Regulatory Challenges

作　　者：张君[1] 刘天然 Zhang Jun;Liu Tianran(School of Humanities and Social Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2018年第4期165-173,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CZX028)

摘　　要：近年来神经增强作为一种涌现技术,引起人们的广泛关注。论文主要研究神经增强技术引发的伦理和社会影响,并在此基础上讨论相应的政策监管问题。论文考察了目前神经增强技术的现状和趋势,阐述了这类技术在用途、功效、伦理以及风险等方面的广泛分歧,并指出这类会聚技术对于公共政策的挑战以及监管规制的必要性。通过分析不同伦理依据和价值体系下技术规制政策的多样性,论文结论指出,当前规制的可能重点方向是,加大研究以获得充分经验证据,系统评估增强技术,制定政策涉入的具体类型,全程监管研究程序的规范性等。Neuroenhancement is a topic of huge concern in the academic literature in recent years.This paper focuses on the ethical and social considerations of neuroenhancement,which have generated a range of policy issues.After demonstrating what neuroenhancement is and how it’s trending,the paper discusses the emerging debate over neuroenhancement that includes efficacy,safety,potential usage and threat to ethical values,and points that these technologies are the foundation for all regulatory policy.The paper provides an overview on different perspectives that would guide policy choice to deal with the variety of enhancing interventions.The conclusion summarizes that the targeted policy approaches are necessary,and those would include dedicated research on neuroenhancement,medical technology assessment,traceable monitoring system and responsible research and innovation.

关 键 词：神经增强 政策规制 伦理和价值敏感 负责任创新 

分 类 号：G304[文化科学]