夹层结构用泡沫芯材的耐水性能  

Water Durability of Foam Core Used in Sandwich Structure

作　　者：刘永涛[1] 杨杰[1] 刘新东[1] Liu Yongtao;Yang Jie;Liu Xindong(Xi’an Aerospace Composite Institute,Xi’an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航天复合材料研究所,西安710025

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2018年第4期108-112,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：通过长时间常温水浴浸泡实验研究了夹层结构常用的三种泡沫芯材——聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫、聚氨酯(PUR)泡沫在常温下的吸水率随浸泡时间变化的情况,分析了其吸水机理,并对其吸水后压缩强度进行了测试。结果表明,相同密度下,分别与PMI泡沫和PUR泡沫相比,PVC泡沫的饱和吸水率最低、压缩强度保持率最高;密度为60 kg/m3时,PMI泡沫饱和吸水率达到395%,远高于PVC泡沫的饱和吸水率(47%)。在此基础上进一步研究了密度对PVC泡沫耐水性能的影响,结果表明,随着密度的降低,PVC泡沫的饱和吸水率逐渐升高,吸水90 d时的压缩强度保持率有所降低,但均保持在90%以上。当密度为100 kg/m3时,PVC泡沫饱和吸水率仅为10%,吸水90 d时的压缩强度保持率为99.6%,适宜应用于水下或航海等领域。An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the water absorption change with immersion time at room temperature of three kinds of foams[polyvinyl chloride(PVC)foam,polymethacrylimide(PMI)foam and polyurethane(PUR)foam]frequently used in sandwich structure by water bath immersion in a long time.The water absorption mechanism was analyzed,and compressive property after water immersion was studied.The results indicate that,compared with PMI foam and PUR foam respectively at the same density,the water absorption of PVC foam is lowest and the compressive property retention is highest.The saturated water absorption of PMI foam is 395%,which is much higher than that of PVC foam(47%)at the density of 60 kg/m3.The influences of foam density on water durability of PVC foam was studied further on that basis.The test results show that,with the density decreasing,the water absorption of PVC foam decreases gradually and the compressive strength retention decreased after 90 d immersion,while the retention is over 90%.The saturated water absorption of PVC foam is just 10%at the density of 100 kg/m3,the compressive strength retention is 99.6%after 90 d immersion,which is suitable for application in marine areas.

关 键 词：夹层结构 泡沫芯材 聚氯乙烯泡沫 聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫 聚氨酯泡沫 耐水性能 饱和吸水率 压缩强度 

分 类 号：TQ328.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]