不同菌肥对土壤养分、酶活性和微生物功能多样性的影响  

Influence of Different Microbial Agents on Nutrients and Enzyme Activities of Soil and Functional Diversity of Microbial Communities

作　　者：王梦雅[1] 符云鹏[1] 贾辉 张晓娟[2] 赵兵飞 宋显峰 WANG Mengya;FU Yunpeng;JIA Hui;ZHANG Xiaojuan;ZHAO Bingfei;SONG Xianfeng(National Tobacco Physiology&Biochemistry Research Centre,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Pingdingshan Municipal Tobacco Company,Pingdingshan,Henan 467000,China)

机构地区：[1]烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2018年第1期57-63,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目“植烟土壤肥力培育及提高肥料利用率技术研究”{中烟办[2014]334号}

摘　　要：为了解不同菌肥对土壤养分和微生物功能的影响,通过田间试验,研究了配施不同菌肥后土壤养分、酶活性以及微生物功能多样性的变化。结果表明,配施菌肥显著增加了土壤有机碳、速效磷和速效钾的含量,其中以配施土著菌扩繁剂增加幅度最大,分别较对照提高了7.82%,39.19%和48.95%,但土壤碱解氮有小幅下降;土壤脲酶活性以配施土著菌扩繁剂最高,为1.03 mg/(g·24 h),土壤蔗糖酶活性以配施生物有机肥最高,为70.96 mg/(g·24 h)。此外,配施菌肥均不同程度的提高了土壤微生物功能多样性以及呼吸速率。因此,配施菌肥不仅能显著提高土壤有机碳和速效养分含量,而且能够增加土壤微生物功能多样性以及酶活性,从而提高土壤的肥力。综合菌剂对养分、酶活性和微生物多样性来看,配施土著菌扩繁剂的效果最好。Field experiments were conducted to determine the change of nutrients and enzyme activities of soil and functional diversity of microbial communities after application of microbial agents.The results showed that microbial agents application treatments increased the content of soil organic carbon,phosphorus and potassium,and among the microbial agents application treatments,the extent of increasing was the largest in the indigenous bacteria propagation agent application treatment with 7.82%,39.19%and 48.95%increase compared to the control respectively.The content of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen of soil was decreased slightly.The content of soil urease activity was the highest under the mixed application of indigenous bacteria propagation agent,which was 1.03 mg/(g·24 h),and the content of soil invertase activity was the highest under the mixed application of bio-organic fertilizer,which was 70.96 mg/(g·24 h).In addition,microbial agent application treatments with green manure showed increased microbial diversity index and soil respiration rate in different degrees.Therefore,the addition of microbial agents with green manure not only increased the content of soil organic carbon and available nutrients,but also increased functional diversity of microbial communities and enzyme activities of soil,which could be helpful to improve soil fertility.The indigenous bacteria propagation agent application treatments had the optimal effects among microbial agents application treatments.

关 键 词：菌肥 土壤微生物功能多样性 土壤呼吸 土壤酶活性 土壤速效养分 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]