2022年冬奥会崇礼赛区山杨林水化学性质研究  

The water chemical properties of Populus davidiana forest in Chongli division of 2022 Winter Olympics

作　　者：胡静霞 杨新兵 朱辰光 HU Jingxia;YANG Xinbing;ZHU Chenguang(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources of Forest and Forest Protection of Heibei,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2018年第1期23-28,共6页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07203-005)

摘　　要：以位于和平林场的冬奥会河北省张家口市崇礼赛区水环境为研究目标,以大量分布的山杨林为研究对象,研究其在降雨分配过程中(林外雨、穿透雨、树干径流、地表径流)对降水水化学性质的影响程度。化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)含量分别使用消解比色法、水杨酸法、过硫酸盐氧化法、消解抗坏血酸法测定。结果表明:(1)林外雨中COD和TN、TP含量相对较低,但是NH3-N含量较高,达到1.94mg/L;(2)降雨经过林冠层后(穿透雨)COD含量增加了3 800%,NH3-N、TN、TP含量分别减少24%、81%、42%;(3)树干径流较林外雨COD、NH3-N、TN、TP含量分别增加了5 700%、17%、12%、33%;(4)地表径流COD、TN、TP含量较林外雨分别增加了6 600%、127%、42%,NH3-N含量减少了62%;(5)水化学性质综合变化指数分别为林外雨0.65、穿透雨0.53、树干径流0.98、地表径流1.35,降雨对森林的化学淋溶作用较大,经淋溶作用后穿透雨、树干径流及地表径流中的NH3-N、TN、TP净淋溶量出现了负值。研究分析得知,山杨林降低了雨水中氨氮的含量,对水化学环境起到了净化的作用,对改善水生态环境具有一定意义。In this study,the forest is located in the Heping Forest Farm,Chongli division of Winter Olympics in Zhangjiakou city of Hebei province.Taking its water environment as the research objective and widely distributed Populus davidiana forest as the research object,the effects of Populus davidiana forest in the process of rainfall distribution(rain,stem runoff and surface runoff)on the chemical properties of precipitation was studied.Chemical[JP2]oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH 3-N),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)were determined respectively by the digestion method,salicylic acid method,over-sulfate oxidation method,and the digestion of ascorbic acid method.The results showed that:(1)The contents of COD,TN and TP in rain outside the forest were relatively lower,but the content of NH 3-N was higher,reaching 1.94 mg/L.(2)After the canopy rainfall(through fall),COD content increased by 3 800%,and NH 3-N,TN,TP contents decreased by 24%,81%,42%,respectively.(3)Compared with outside rain,the contents of COD,NH 3-N,TP and TN in stemflow increased by 5 700%,17%,12%and 33%,respectively.(4)Compared with outside rain,the contents of COD,TN and TP in surface runoff displayed an increase of 6 600%,127%,42%,respectively,and NH 3-N decreased by 62%.(5)The water chemical change index were 0.65(outside rain),0.53(throughfall),0.98(stemflow)and 1.35(runoff),;the chemical leaching effect of rainfall on forest was great and the net leaching of NH 3-N,TN and TP in the runoff,trunk runoff and surface runoff displayed a negative value.It indicated that the content of NH 3-N in rainwater was reduced,and Populus davidiana forest played a role in purifying the water environment,which has a potentials to improve the aquatic ecological environment.

关 键 词：山杨 穿透雨 树干径流 径流 水化学性质 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]