内蒙古西部棉花种植密度对纤维品质和产量的影响  

Effects of planting density on cotton fiber quality on the cotton production region of West Inner Mongolia

作　　者：路战远[1] 咸丰[1] 张建中[1] 陈立宇[1] 程玉臣[1] 张向前[1] 苏和 杨建强 李文才 严斌 LU Zhanyuan;XIAN Feng;ZHANG Jianzhong;ZHANG Xiangqian;CHENG Yuchen;ZHANG Xiangqian;Su he;YANG Jianqiang;LI Wencai;YAN Bin(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural And Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Alxa Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Bayanhot 750306,China;Ejinaqi Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Ejina 735400,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]阿拉善盟农业技术推广中心,内蒙古巴彦浩特750306 [3]额济纳旗农业技术推广中心,内蒙古额济纳735400

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2017年第3期13-18,共6页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD03B02;2014BAD03B03;2014BAD03B01);国家棉花产业技术体系项目(CARS-18-30)

摘　　要：为了弄清内蒙古西部栽培密度对棉花纤维品质和产量的影响,确定合理密度。该研究以早熟棉中棉所50为材料,于2012—2014年在阿拉善左旗进行了为期3年的田间试验,研究8个密度梯度(12万,15万,18万,21万,24万,27万,30万,33万株/hm^2)对棉花纤维品质的影响。结果表明:在内蒙古西部棉花种植区域,早熟棉随着栽培密度的增加,纤维长度、断裂比强度、整齐度指数、反射率、纺纱均匀指数则均呈先增高后降低的变化趋势,马克隆值和伸长率呈降低的变化趋势,黄度呈升高的变化趋势,但不同密度处理间,纤维品质没有显著差异。在一定密度范围内,棉花纤维品质随着栽培密度的增加而增加,但在密度大于30万株/hm^2时,纤维品质开始下降。而籽棉产量和皮棉产量随着栽培密度的增加,呈先增大后降低的趋势,且栽培密度在24万~30万株/hm^2时,籽棉产量和皮棉产量均显著高于其他密度处理,高产和优质纤维达到了协调统一。该研究结果可为干旱区优质棉生产提供技术支撑。In order to find out the effect of cotton planting density on fiber quality and yield and determine a reasonable density in the west of Inner Mongolia,it was studied for effects of eight density gradients(120 000,150 000,180 000,210 000,240 000,270 000,300 000,330 000 plants/hm2)of zhongmiansuo50,a early-maturing cotton variety,on cotton fiber quality and yield according through a three-year field experiment at AlashanZuoqi from 2012 to 2014.The results showed that in the cotton planting region of the west of Inner Mongolia;with the increase of planting density of early-maturing cotton,the change tendency of upper half mean length,breaking tenacity,uniformity index,reflectance degree,spinning uniform index were to firstly increase and lately reduce,the change tendency of micronaire and elongation were to drop,the change tendency of yellowness was to rise.But there was no significant difference in fiber quality between different density treatments;within the scope of a certain density,the cotton fiber quality increased with the increase of planting density,but fiber quality began to decline when the density was more than 300 000 plants/hm2;with the increase of planting density,the change tendency of the yield of seed cotton and ginned lint were to firstly increase and lately reduce.The yield of seed cotton and ginned lint were significantly higher than those of other density treatments when the planting density was 240 000~300 000 plants/hm2,and high yield and high quality fiber were achieved the harmonious and unified.The results of this study can provide technical support for the production of high quality cotton in arid area.

关 键 词：棉花 密度 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]