CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术及在农作物品种改良研究中的应用  

The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and application in research of crop variety improvement

作　　者：郝丽芬[1,2] 房永雨[2] 燕孟娇[2] 皇甫海燕 宋培玲[2] 贾晓清[2] 皇甫九茹[2] 李子钦[2] 韩冰[1] HAO Lifen;FANG Yongyu;YAN Mengjiao;HUANGFU Haiyan;SONG Peiling;JIA Xiaoqing;HUANGFU Jiuru;LI Ziqin;HAN Bing(College of Life Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot　010018,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot　010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2017年第3期29-35,共7页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古科技厅国际合作项目(201505018);2015年内蒙古第一批应用技术研究与开发专项资金项目

摘　　要：CRISPR/Cas9是近年来快速发展起来的一种基因编辑技术,被广泛应用在多种物种中。Cas9是RNA导向的DNA内切酶,通过设计特异的导向RNA序列,将其与Cas9蛋白结合形成复合体。在基因组靶位点切开双链DNA,利用非同源末端连接(NHEJ)和同源重组(HR)的方式进行DNA修复时,会造成靶标核苷酸序列缺失、替换或引入外源DNA序列,形成定点核苷酸序列突变,达到精准修饰基因的目的。CRISPR/Cas9是相当简单和用途广泛的技术手段。该综述介绍了CRISPR/Cas9作用机理、技术路线及其在农作物品种改良研究中的应用,为该技术在农业领域的研究提供有益参考。CRISPR/Cas9 is a rapidly developing genome editing technology that has been successfully applied in many organisms.Cas9,a RNA-guided DNA endonuclease,can be targeted to specific genomic sequences by engineering a separately encoded guide RNA with which it forms a complex.It can be employed to achieve precise gene modifications by gene mutations,insertions,replacements or chromosome rearrangements.CRISPR/Cas9 is a relatively cheaper and easier to implement technology that has proven to be extremely versatile.Remarkably,in some plant species,homozygous knockout mutants can be produced in a single generation.The mechanism of action,technical route,research examples of CRISPR/Cas9 were illustrated in this paper,and it will provide reference for researching in agricultural field.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑 农作物品种改良 

分 类 号：Q755[生物学—分子生物学] Q784