抗菌肽抗细菌机理研究进展  

Research advance on antibacterial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides

作　　者：单安山[1] 田昊天 邵长轩 谭鹏 来振衡 SHAN Anshan;TIAN Haotian;SHAO Changxuan;TAN Peng;LAI Zhenheng(Institute of Animal Nutrition,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物营养研究所,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2018年第3期84-94,共11页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31472104;31672434)

摘　　要：抗菌肽是一类有望解决全球范围内抗生素耐药性问题的新型抑菌多肽。抗菌肽主要有3种抑菌机制:其一是针对细菌细胞膜作用,膜作用主要针对两种不同菌膜结构特性的细菌,革兰氏阴性菌外膜富含脂多糖,革兰氏阳性菌细胞壁富含磷壁酸,抗菌肽可靶向作用于此类细菌菌膜结构特定组分。此外,抗菌肽可抑制细菌生物被膜形成,分解已形成细菌生物被膜。抗菌肽作用于特异性酶或靶向作用于DNA产生抑菌效果,其抑制作用可抵抗细菌耐药性产生。基于抗菌肽改变菌膜结构并抑制细菌外膜及酶合成的特性,此杀菌策略已应用于抗菌药物设计。Antimicrobial peptide(AMP)is a potential new class of antibacterial agents in the face of mounting global antibiotics resistance.Antimicrobial peptide has three main antibacterial mechanisms.One of the potential targets of antimicrobial peptides that could be effective against resistant bacteria which was the bacterial cell membrane.There were two groups of bacteria that had characteristically different surface membranes.In addition,one was the gram-negative bacterium that had an outer membrane rich in lipopolysaccharide.The cell wall of gram-positive bacterium contaied teichoic acids.The bacterial membrane provided a target for antimicrobial peptides.Antimicrobial peptides had additional antimicrobial effects as they were able to suppress biofilm formation and induced the dissolution of existing biofilms.There were many modes of action of antimicrobial peptides agents including targeting of specific enzymes or of DNA.Inhibitors of this enzyme would provide protection against the development of bacterial resistance.Thus,targeting the synthesis of the outer membrane and enzyme of bacteria or altering the properties of this membrane provided a strategy for designing agents targeted to bacteria.

关 键 词：抗菌肽 作用机理 细菌膜 细菌生物被膜 胞内杀伤 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]