2015年至2016年云南昭通地区3个县儿童和青少年先天性心脏病流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Investigation on Children and Teenagers with Congenital Heart Disease in three Counties in Zhaotong Area from 2015 to 2016

作　　者：李振 叶青[1] 何彪华 李冠羲 王红[1] 曾永利[1] 喻卓[1] 李华[1] 陈志松 LI Zhen;YE Qing;HE Biao-hua;LI Guan-xi;WANG Hong;ZENG Yong-li;YU Zhuo;LI Hua;CHEN Zhi-song(Dept.of Geriatric Cardiology,The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院老年心内科,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2018年第3期77-80,共4页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：云南省科技计划基金资助项目(2015FB037)

摘　　要：目的调查2015年10月至2016年11月云南昭通地区3个县(巧家、大关县和镇雄县)儿童和青少年先天性心脏病(CHD)流行病学特征.方法采用初筛和复筛方法,对可疑患者进行规范的心超检查,结合心电图、X线和心导管检查综合分析作出明确诊断,对14 957名儿童和青少年的CHD患病率、患病类型、性别分布等指标进行统计学分析.结果检出CHD患者61例,总患病率4.08‰(61/14 957),男性4.55‰,女性3.61‰,两者之间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.823,P>0.05);不同年龄组患病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=4.692,P>0.05);巧家县、大关县和镇雄县CHD患病率分别为5.17‰、6.36‰和3.03‰,3个县之间患病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=5.897,P>0.05).CHD患病类型以房间隔缺损所占比例最高(37.7%),其次为室间隔缺损(26.2%)、动脉导管未闭(19.7%),其它类型少见.结论云南昭通地区3个县儿童和青少年CHD患病率高于全国水平,以房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭多见.Objective To make epidemiological investigation on children and teenagers with congenital heart disease(CHD)from October 2015 to November 2016 in three counties in Zhaotong area.Methods The examination was divided into the following two phases:primary screening,secondary screening.Standardized echocardiographic examination was performed for the students with suspected CHD.we combined comprehensive analysis of electrocardiogram,X-ray and cardiac catheterization to make a clear diagnosis for patients.The index of prevalence rate of CHD,the types of the disease,and gender of the patients in 14957 children and teenagers were statistically analyzed.Results Altogether 61cases of CHD were discovered.The total prevalence of CHD was 4.08‰(61 of 14957 cases),the prevalence rate in male was 4.55‰,in female was 3.61‰,No difference of the prevalence rate was found between male and female(χ2=0.823,>0.05);the difference among different age groups had no statistical significance(χ2=4.692,>0.05);The prevalence rate of CHD in Qiaojia was 5.17‰,in Daguan was 6.36‰,and in Zhenxiong was 3.03‰,There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate among different countries(χ2=5.897,>0.05).In terms of the types of the disease,atrial septal defect accounted for the first(37.7%),followed by ventricular septal defect(26.2%)and patent ductus arteriosus(19.7%),others types of CHD were rare.Conclusion The prevalence of CHD in investigated area is slightly higher than the average level of the nationwide.The main types of CHD are atrial septal defect,ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 流行病学 患病率 

分 类 号：R541.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]