不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼游泳特性研究  

Study on the swimming characteristics for juvenile of silver carp under different activity patterns

作　　者：郝文超 王从锋 刘慧杰[1] 王瑶 冯三杰 HAO Wenchao;WANG Congfeng;LIU Huijie;WANG Yao;FENG Sanjie(College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Geo-Hazards and Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Area,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境湖北省协同创新中心,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2018年第2期3-9,15,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然基金重大研究计划(91647207);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201030)

摘　　要：为探索鱼类在自发性运动和强迫式运动模式下的游泳特性,以鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)幼鱼为研究对象,采用船闸式水槽鱼类呼吸装置和环形水槽实验装置,Loli Track软件对游泳行为进行视频分析,解析不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼游泳特性变化情况。结果表明,在自发性运动模式下,鲢幼鱼的耗氧率随游泳速度、加速度、旋转角度和摆尾频率增加而增大。通过逐步回归拟合出多因素能量模型,得出游泳速度对耗氧率变化的影响最大。在两种运动模式中,唯一相同的相对游泳速度为0.5 BL·s^(-1)[BL为体长(cm)]下,能量消耗利用率为2.35。研究还发现在不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼的最优游泳速度大小差异性显著,但呼吸耗氧率差异性不显著。表明鲢幼鱼运动过程中相比于最优游泳速度,存在表征能量利用率最高且与游泳模式无关的最优耗氧率。The swimming characteristics for juvenile of Hypophthalmichthysys molitrix in spontaneous pattern and forced pattern were studied in this research.The fish tank breathing apparatus and mobile Brett-type swim tunnels were used to culture the juvenile,meanwhile,the changes of swimming behavior is for juvenile cultured in different patterns were observed and analyzed by LoliTrack software.The results showed that the rate of oxygen consumption in juvenile of silver carp increased with increment of swimming speed,acceleration,rotation angle and the tail beat frequency under spontaneous exercise.The multi-factor energy model was fitted by stepwise regression,draw the conclusion that swimming speed has the greatest influence on the change of oxygen consumption rate(MO 2).During spontaneous activity,2.35 times more energy was used than in forced swimming at a speed of 0.5 BL·s-1[BL is body length(cm)].This indicated that spontaneous swimming costs might be considerably higher compared with those of a fixed swimming speed.However,comparing MO 2 at the respective optimum swimming speeds with the lowest costs of transport resulted in similar values independent of swimming mode.This suggested that an optimum MO 2 in different swimming pattern might exist rather than an optimal swimming speed.

关 键 词：鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) 游泳特性 运动模式 耗氧率 最优游泳速度 能量消耗利用率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]