3种饲料添加剂对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性和肝、肠组织结构的影响  

Effects of 3 feed additives on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, liver and intestine histological structure for the juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：朱传忠[1,2] 孙陆宇 解文丽 易敢峰 ZHU Chuanzhong;SUN Luyu;XIE Wenli;YI Ganfeng(Beijing DBN Science and Technology Group CO.,LTD,Beijing 100190,China;FujianDBN Aquatic Science and Technology Group CO.,LTD,Zhaoan 363500,Fujian,China;College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司,北京100190 [2]福建大北农水产科技集团股份有限公司,福建诏安363500 [3]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2018年第2期94-99,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：大北农水产科技集团企业自立项目(DBN-A-E20160001)

摘　　要：为探讨中草药提取物、胆汁酸、微生态制剂对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长性能、消化酶活性和肝、肠组织结构的影响,以基础饲料为对照,分别在每千克基础饲料中添加中草药提取物(1、2 g)、胆汁酸(0.1、0.2 g)、微生态制剂(1、2 g)配制成6种试验饲料,选取平均体质量为(32.75±5.75)g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼483尾,随机分为7处理,每处理3平行,每平行23尾,共进行养殖实验45 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,低剂量使用此3种添加剂均有改善实验鱼生长和饲料利用的趋势。饲料中添加胆汁酸显著提高了吉富罗非鱼的增重率和特定增长率;饲料中添加微生态制剂组的吉富罗非鱼的肥满度最大,但各处理组之间差异不显著;中草药组的增重率与特定生长率与对照组之间无差异。饲料中添加微生态制剂和0.1 g/kg胆汁酸的实验鱼肠道脂肪酶活性显著高于中草药提取物2 g/kg的处理组;各组间的肠道淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性差异不显著。与对照组相比,各处理组实验鱼的前肠绒毛个数和肌肉层厚度有增加的趋势;添加1 g/kg微生态制剂的实验鱼中肠绒毛长度显著高于中草药组。结果表明:饲料中添加1 g/kg中草药提取物,0.2 g/kg胆汁酸,1 g/kg微生态制剂可在一定程度上提高吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的生长性能。A 45 days feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding Chinese herb extracts(1,2 g/kg),bile acid(0.1,0.2 g/kg)and probiotics(1,2 g/kg)on growth performance,the activities of digestive enzymes and morphology of liver and intestine for juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia(GIFT),Oreochromis niloticus,with the average weight of(32.75±5.75)g.A total of 483 individuals of tilapia were randomly divided into 7 treatments(triplicate groups of each treatment).The results showed that the low does of 3 additives could improved the growth and feed utilization of the experimental fish compared with the control group.The tilapia fed the diets containing bile acid had a significantly higher weight gain rate and specific growth rate than other experimental groups.Fish fed with probiotics had the highest condition factor,but there had no significant difference with other treatments.There showed no significant different between Chinese herb extracts treatment group and control group.The activity of lipase from probiotics treatment group and 0.1 g/kg bile acid treatment group was significantly higher than that from 2 g/kg Chinese herb extracts treatment group.There were no significant difference among dietary treatments for the activity of amylase and pepsin.Compared with the control group,the villus number and muscle thickness of the foregut showed an increase tendency.The midgut villus length in 1 g/kg probiotics treatment group was significantly higher than that in Chinese herb extracts treatment group.The results indicated that appropriate adding with Chinese herb extracts(1 g/kg),bile acid(0.2 g/kg)and probiotics(1 g/kg)could improve growth performance of tilapia.

关 键 词：罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus) 中草药提取物 胆汁酸 微生态制剂 生长性能 消化酶 组织结构 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]