水产养殖水体循环利用过程中碱度的变化及调控  

Changes and control of alkalinity in the process of utilize recycling aquaculture water

作　　者：罗国芝[1] 陈晓庆[1] 谭洪新[1] LUO Guozhi;CHEN Xiaoqing;TAN Hongxin(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education(Shanghai Ocean University); Research and Development Center of Aquacultural Engineering of Shanghai; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2018年第2期100-106,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(14320501900)

摘　　要：水体中的碱度水平能通过改变水体中某些物质的存在形态进而影响养殖对象,也会通过影响养殖水体的自养硝化、异养反硝化和氨氮异养同化过程的效率进而对养殖对象产生影响。本文首先概述了水产养殖水体中碱度的标准,根据水体中微生物学过程、光合作用、呼吸作用对碱度的影响及碱度与pH、CO_2、硬度等水质指标的紧密联系,对循环利用的养殖水体中碱度的变化规律和调控策略进行总结。养殖水循环利用过程中碱度会明显降低,通过补充碱度或者替换新水的方式提高养殖水体中碱度到一定的水平,以满足自养硝化和氨氮的同化过程所消耗的碱度从而实现养殖水体的原位净化。关于养殖用水循环利用过程中碱度的变化机制和规律需开展大量基础的研究,为实现循环利用水体碱度控制和维持循环水高密度养殖系统pH的稳定提供参考。The alkalinity level can affect the aquaculture objects by changing the statues of certain substances in water,meanwhile,it can also affect the efficiency of autotrophic nitrification,heterotrophic denitrification and ammonia-nitrogen heterotrophic assimilation.The standard of alkalinity in aquaculture water was summarized and given in the current review.According to the microbial process,photosynthesis and respiration on alkalinity and the relationship between alkalinity and pH,CO 2,water hardness and other water quality indicators,aquaculture water alkalinity changes regularity and control strategies was summarized.The alkalinity in the re-use of aquaculture water will be significantly reduced,it can be improved to a certain level by adding alkalinity or replacing the new water to supply the alkalinity consumption of the autotrophic nitrification and ammonia assimilation process and achieve in-situ purification of cultured water.It is necessary to carry out a large amount of basic researches on the mechanism and regularity of alkalinity in the process of reclaiming aquaculture,so that the references will be provied for realizing the alkalinity control of water reuse and maintaining the pH stability of circulating high density aquaculture system.

关 键 词：水产养殖 养殖水循环利用 碱度 

分 类 号：S964.3[农业科学—水产养殖]