固定翼飞机喷雾作业雾滴飘移规律研究  

Study on spray droplet drift pattern based on fixed-wing aircraft

作　　者：包瑞[1] 茹煜[1] 朱传银[2] 李宗飞[1] 陆枫 王秉玺 BAO Rui;RU Yu;ZHU Chuanyin;LI Zongfei;LU Feng;WANG Bingxi(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;The Second Research Institute of Civil Aviation Administration of China,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京210037 [2]中国民用航空总局第二研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2018年第2期129-135,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1433108);江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目(NY-065);林业科技成果国家级推广项目(2016-40);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为了研究固定翼飞机喷雾作业雾滴飘移的规律,针对GP-81A航空喷头的3~#、4~#、5~#喷嘴,以农用航空常用的Y-5B飞机为平台进行航空喷雾作业试验,采用采样杯采样方法,通过改变雾滴粒径、航高、侧风风速3个因素开展雾滴的飘移沉积试验研究。通过SPSS软件对试验结果分析可知,3个因素对雾滴飘移均有显著性影响,对沉积量的影响权重大小为:雾滴粒径>侧风风速>航高;通过回归方程估算出不同试验条件下总沉积量的大小,进一步分析了3个因素对沉积量大小的影响;根据拟合结果及比较分析综合来看,当喷头型号为5~#,航高为5 m,侧风风速为1.5 m/s时作业喷洒效果最佳;通过AGDISP对不同雾滴粒径条件下雾滴的飘移轨迹及沉积量进行模拟分析,验证了雾滴粒径对航空喷雾飘移的显著影响。研究结果可为固定翼飞机实际喷洒作业中减少雾滴飘移、提高农药使用效率提供了科学依据。In order to study the spray droplet drift pattern of fixedwing aircraft,aerial spraying test focused on 3#,4#and 5#nozzle from GP81A aerial nozzles was carried out on Y5B fixedwing aircraft which was commonly used in plant protection as the main agriculture aircraft model in China.By using sampling cup collection method,droplets drift pattern tests were carried out by adjusting the factors of droplet diameter,flight height of the aircraft,and the crosswind wind speed.The test results of the droplet drift deposition were analyzed by SPSS software.The results showed that the three factors all had significant influence on droplets drift during aerial spraying,and the effect levels of the three factors successively were nozzle type(droplet size),cross wind speed,and flight height.The regression equation was used to estimate the total deposition under different experimental conditions so as to further analyze the influence of the above three factors on the deposition.Taking together the simulation and comparison analysis,the test group 3 with nozzle type 5#,height 5 m,side velocity 1.5 m/s had the best spray effect among all groups.The AGDISP,a common atmospheric model to predict the deposition patterns of pesticides released into the atmosphere,was applied to simulate the drifting trajectory and the deposition amount of droplets under the conditions of different droplet sizes.The predicted results proved the influence of the droplet size on droplets drift.The results of in this paper provide scientific basis and guidance for the reduction of droplet drift and the improvement of the efficiency in pesticide application in practical production.

关 键 词：雾滴飘移 固定翼飞机 雾滴粒径 沉积量 航空喷雾 

分 类 号：S252[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S779[农业科学—农业工程]