民营托幼机构新入园儿童饮食行为干预效果评价  

Effect of dietary intervention on newly-enrolled preschoolers

作　　者：汪钱华 冯君 顾燕萍 蒋云珠 王君 朱燕 陈莉萍 WANG Qianhua;FENG Jun;GU Yanping;JIANG Yunzhu;WANG Jun;ZHU Yan(Jiangqiao Community Health Service Center of Jiading District,Shanghai 201803,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区江桥镇社区卫生服务中心,上海201803 [2]上海市嘉定区江桥幼儿园 [3]不详

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第4期348-351,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：上海市卫生局青年科研项目(20134y131)

摘　　要：目的评价民营托幼机构新入园儿童饮食行为干预效果。方法选择上海市某镇6所民营托幼机构的新入园儿童及其家长为研究对象,按所在学校随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组采取家庭-学校-儿童综合干预措施,对照组采取常规干预措施,比较干预1年后两组儿童家长营养知识知晓率和儿童不良饮食行为检出率差异。结果干预前,儿童家长对"植物性食物中蛋白质含量""谷类食物所含营养素"的知晓率较低,分别为62.08%和63.34%;儿童不良饮食行为检出率较高有"吃饭需要喂食""经常不吃早餐",检出率分别为74.05%和67.54%。广义估计方程分析结果显示,干预后,儿童家长各项营养知识知晓率均有提高(P<0.05),且干预组家长各项知识知晓率提高幅度均大于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,儿童各项不良饮食行为检出率均下降(P<0.05),且干预组儿童多项不良饮食行为检出率下降幅度均大于对照组(P<0.05),但两组儿童"偏食、挑食""喜欢吃甜食""厌食"这3项不良饮食行为检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论家庭-学校-儿童综合干预措施可有效提高儿童家长营养知识知晓率,减少儿童不良饮食行为。Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of dietary interventions in newly-admitted children in kindergartens and nurseries.Methods Newly-admitted children from 6 kindergartens and nurseries were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,and prospective controlled trials were conducted.The intervention group took a one-year comprehensive intervention measures,and the control group took conventional interventions,evaluation of the intervention effect.Results Before intervention,the parents of children had the highest content of protein in plant foods,which are the main nutrients in cereals,and the awareness rate was 62.08%and 63.34%respectively.About 74.05%of the children need help when eating and 67.54%of the children always skip breakfast.Generalized estimation equation analysis showed that after intervention,the awareness rate of various parents'nutritional knowledge increased(P<0.05),and the increase rate of parents'awareness in the intervention group was greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the positive rate of various unhealthy eating habits among children decreased(P<0.05),and the positive rate of multiple unhealthy eating habits in the intervention group was greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The family-school-children comprehensive intervention can effectively improve patient's awareness of nutritional knowledge and reduce the occurrence of unhealthy dietary behaviors of children in private nurseries.

关 键 词：民营幼托机构 学龄前儿童 饮食行为 干预效果 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]