干旱胁迫对八宝景天叶片生理的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Leaf Physiology of Hylotelephium erythrostictum

作　　者：刘紫娟[1] 袁蕊[1] 王娜 李炳言 贾斯淳 宗毓铮[1] 李萍[1] 郝兴宇[1] LIU Zijuan;YUAN Rui;WANG Na;LI Bingyan;JIA Sichun;ZONG Yuzheng;LI Ping;HAO Xingyu(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第4期548-553,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300202-5);山西省科技攻关计划项目(20150311006-2;201703D221033-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31601212;31501276);山西农业大学博士引进人才项目(2013YT05)

摘　　要：为探究景天酸代谢(CAM)植物八宝景天适应干旱胁迫的生理机制,通过盆栽试验对干旱胁迫下八宝景天营养生长期和现蕾期10:00和22:00的生理变化进行研究。结果表明,干旱胁迫使八宝景天叶片上下表皮气孔长度和气孔开度减小,气孔密度增大;干旱胁迫使八宝景天气孔发生变化,进而影响CO_2的吸收,使夜间积累的苹果酸含量减少;干旱条件下,八宝景天叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量减小,脯氨酸(Pro)含量在营养生长期升高,过氧化物酶(POD)活性在白天升高,夜间降低;在干旱条件下,八宝景天叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的含量在白天升高,夜间降低;还原糖、可溶性总糖和淀粉含量在2个生育期白天夜晚均升高,纤维素含量在营养生长期升高,但现蕾期降低;干旱胁迫使八宝景天的株高、茎粗、单株叶片数和单株总生物量均降低。八宝景天在干旱胁迫下通过气孔开度变小、POD活性增加进行膜脂过氧化防御,Pro和可溶性糖含量增加进行渗透调节,提高日间光合色素含量保证光合作用的有效进行等方式提高其干旱适应能力,表现了较强的抗旱性。To explore the effects of drought stress on physiology of CAM plant Hylotelephium erythrostictum,the paper used a potted method to study the effects of drought stress on physiology of Hylotelephium erythrostictum at 10:00 and 22:00 in the vegetative stage and squaring stage.The result showed that the drought stress reduced the leaf stomatal length and aperture,but decreased the stomatal density of the upper and lower epidermis of H.erythrostictum.The change of the leaf stomatal under drought stress affected the absorption of CO2,so that the amount of malic acid accumulated during the night was reduced.The drought stress reduced the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the vegetative stage and squaring stage but increased the proline(Pro)content in the vegetative stage.Because of the drought stress,the activity of peroxidase(POD)was increased during the day,but decreased at night.The drought stress increased the content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid by days,but reduced them at night.The drought stress increased the content of reducing sugar,soluble sugar and starch all day both in the vegetative stage and squaring stage.The drought stress made the cellulose content increased in the vegetative stage but decreased in the squaring stage.The drought stress decreased the height,stem diameter,leaves number per plant and total biomass per plant of H.erythrostictum.In short,H.erythrostictum improved its ability to adapt to drought by means of decreasing the leaf stomatal aperture,increasing the activity of POD to defense the membrane lipid peroxidation,increasing the content of Pro and soluble sugar to make osmotic regulation,and increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments to ensure the photosynthesis effectively.H.erythrostictum showed a stronger drought resistance.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 八宝景天 CAM植物 生理 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]