术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的机制及其防治研究进展  

The mechanism and research progress on postoperative nausea and vomiting( PONV)

作　　者：于洋[1,2] 孙建良 YU Yang;SUN Jianliang(Department of Anesthesiology,Aerospace General Hospital,Beijing 100076;Department of Anesthesiology,Hangzhou First People s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天总医院麻醉科,北京100076 [2]杭州市第一人民医院,南京医科大学附属杭州医院麻醉科,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《麻醉安全与质控》2018年第2期113-118,共6页Perioperative Safety and Quality Assurance

基　　金：浙江省中医药计划项目(2014ZA080);杭州市卫生科技计划(重点)项目(2014Z05)

摘　　要：术后恶心呕吐(PONV)是门诊和日间手术麻醉中日益增长的复杂而重要的问题,也是影响日间手术患者离院的主要因素。了解PONV的机制和影响因素对预防和治疗PONV具有重要意义。本文结合国内外文献,全面系统介绍PONV的可能机制、影响因素、预防和治疗指南。通过详细的术前评估,根据PONV发生机制和影响因素,在围术期采取多模式(药物与非药物)联合干预,有望最大程度地降低PONV发生率,减少患者痛苦,降低相关医疗费用,提高患者满意度。Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)is a complicated and challenge complication in patients who undergo day surgeries.PONV delays recovery and discharge.It is indispensible to understand the mechanism and risk factors of PONV.We reviewed the current literatures to introduce potential mechanism,risk factors,prevention and treatment of PONV.A comprehensive preoperative assessment focusing on the mechanism and risk factors and a perioperative multi-modal pharmacological and non-pharmacological approach effectively reduce PONV,decrease medical cost and improve patients satisfaction.

关 键 词：术后恶心呕吐(PONV) 机制 多模式联合干预 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]