重金属铜对植物毒害机理的研究现状及展望  

Toxicity mechanism of heavy metal copper to plants : A review

作　　者：公勤[1,2] 康群 王玲[2] 李兆华[2,3] GONG Qin;KANG Qun;WANG Ling;LI Zhao-hua(Xinjiang Vocation College of Agriculture,Changji,Xinjiang 831100,China;School of Resources and Environment,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Hubei Rural Safe DrinkingWater Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100 [2]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062 [3]湖北省农村安全饮水工程技术研究中心,武汉430062

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2018年第3期469-475,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技惠民计划项目(S013GMD100042);湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(创新群体)(2016CFA016)

摘　　要：铜是植物正常生长发育所必需的微量营养元素,随着铜用途的扩大及用量的增加,含铜污染物的排放量逐渐增多,导致植物中铜含量超标,已严重影响到人类健康和生态系统稳定。文章综述了国内外关于铜对植物生长、细胞膜系统、抗氧化物酶系统、光合作用、矿质营养吸收和运输等生理响应等方面的研究进展,指出目前关于铜对植物毒害的研究主要集中在植物的耐铜阈值、毒害生理机理和植物对铜的解毒效应等方面,并提出今后应从拓宽植物研究种类、铜胁迫差异蛋白和基因表达鉴定及维持细胞内稳态的重金属转运体的鉴定等方面进行深入研究,为揭示铜对植物的毒害机理提供依据。Copper is an essential micronutrient for normal growth and development of plant.As copper was used more widely and the dosage increased,emissions of pollutants containing copper gradually increased,leading to excess copper content in plants.This has seriously affected human health and ecosystem stability.The latest research progress at home and abroad was reviewed in this paper on effects of copper on plant growth,cell membrane system,antioxidant enzyme system,photosynthesis,mineral nutrition absorption and transportation mechanism.The current research on phytotoxicity caused by copper mainly focused on copper resistance threshold,phytotoxicity physiological mechanism,detoxification effects of plants to copper,etc.Further study should be conducted from the following perspectives:broadening the species of plants,copper stress differential proteins and gene expression identification,identification of heavy metal transport that maintaining cellular homeostasis.These efforts would provide reference for the researches in toxicity mechanism of copper to plants.

关 键 词：重金属铜 毒害机理 研究现状 展望 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学] Q945.78[农业科学—农业基础科学]