城市女性孕期闲暇性体力活动与建成环境感知效应研究  

A Study on Urban Women's Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Built Environmental Perception Effects

作　　者：朱小烽[1] 陈为玮[1] 陈强 叶群 马云[4] 涂春景 向剑锋[6] ZHU Xiao-feng;CHEN Wei-wei;CHEN Qiang;YE Qun;MA Yun;TU Chun-jing;XIANG Jian-feng(Jiaxing University,Pinghu 314200,China;Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Jiaxing 314000,China;Shanghai Unversity of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;National Research Institute of Sport Medicine,Beijing 100061,China;Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310012,China;Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院师范学院,浙江平湖314200 [2]嘉兴市妇幼保健院,浙江嘉兴314000 [3]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [4]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061 [5]杭州师范大学钱江学院,浙江杭州310012 [6]西南石油大学体育学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2018年第2期73-80,共8页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：国家社科基金资助(CLA140163)

摘　　要：尽管越来越多的研究表明,城市建成环境(Built Environment,BE)对闲暇体力活动有影响,但对孕期女性这一特殊人群,还缺乏相关的实证研究。该研究目的主要评估城市女性孕期闲暇性体力活动(Leisure-time physical activity,LTPA)与建成环境感知之间的联系。方法:对56名孕期人群采用横截面多层次研究,采用孕期体力活动自填式量表(Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire,PPAQ)评估孕期闲暇性体力活动,以及邻里环境步行量表简表(Environment Walkability Scale Abbreviated,NEWS-A)来评价邻里环境感知状况。结果:孕期总体力活动水平随妊娠的进展而逐渐下降(P<0.01),孕期闲暇性体力活动组间无统计学差异;在孕后期,建成环境7项维度与孕期闲暇性体力活动显著相关;控制年龄、婚姻状况、雇佣状况、受教育水平、家庭年收入、生育状况、孕前BMI、总体健康水平、居住地居住年限、家人运动习惯、医生锻炼建议和总体力活动水平变量后,步行与骑行基础设施、美观性、交通安全3项与孕期闲暇性体力活动正相关;社区治安、住宅密度和街道连通性3项无统计学意义的关联。结论:可通过改善步行与骑行基础设施、建成环境美观性和交通安全性等措施来提高人居环境对孕期人群健康促进的主动式干预。Despite growing evidence suggest that urban built environment(BE)has an impact on leisure activity.But for pregnant women,there is no relevant empirical research.The research is mainly aims to evaluate the the association between leisure-time physical activity(LTPA)of urban women during pregnancy and the perception effect of BE.Methods:56 pregnant women were treated with cross-sectional multi-level studies,use Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire(PPAQ)to evaluate LTPA during Pregnancy and use Environment Walkability Scale Abbreviated(NEWS-A)to evaluate the neighborhood environment perception.Results:The level of total physical activity during pregnancy decreased gradually with the progress of pregnancy(P<0.01),but there is no statistical difference in LTPA between groups,in late pregnancy,there are seven dimensions of the BE which significantly correlated with pregnancy LTPA.Controlling some variables including age,marital status,employment status,education level,family income,fertility or not,pre-pregnancy BMI,overall health level,residence years,family exercise habits,physician exercise recommendations and overall physical activity level,there are three items,including infrastructure of walking and cycling,environment aesthetics and traffic safety,are positively related to pregnancy LTPA.There are three items,including community security,residential density and street connectivity,having no statistically correlation with pregnancy LTPA.Conclusion:It is possible to enhance the positive influence of living environment to health promotion during pregnancy by improving the infrastructure of walking and cycling,environment aesthetics and traffic safety.

关 键 词：孕期 体力活动 生态学 建成环境 感知 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]