三株异养硝化–好氧反硝化细菌对圆斑星鲽养殖水质的净化效果  

Purifying Effect of Three Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification Bacteria Strains on the Farming Water of Verasper variegates

作　　者：康传磊 李秋芬[1] 张艳[1] 陈世波 王越 KANG Chuanleix;LI Qiufen;ZHANG Yan;CHEN Shibo;WANG Yue(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Qingdao Excellence Ocean Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266408)

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]青岛市卓越海洋集团有限公司,青岛266408

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2018年第2期42-48,共7页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305043)和国家自然科学基金项目(31170113)共同资助

摘　　要：为了考察3株异养硝化–好氧反硝化细菌对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegates)养殖废水的净化效果,选择初始体重为(98±6)g的圆斑星鲽240尾,随机分为8组。分别接种花津滩芽孢杆菌(Bacillus hwajinpoensis)SLWX_2、嗜碱盐单胞菌(Halomonas alkaliphila)X_3和麦氏交替单胞菌(Alteromonas macleodii)SLNX2的不同组合。测定了不同组合中各项无机氮及有机物的变化情况。结果显示,在实验过程中,对照组氨氮、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、总氮和化学需氧量的浓度均呈持续上升趋势,分别从0.21 mg/L升至15.94mg/L,0.08 mg/L升至5.68 mg/L,1.10 mg/L升至7.05 mg/L,1.74 mg/L升至38.86 mg/L,1.19 mg/L升至22.87 mg/L。而加菌组的各指标浓度一直低于对照组,其中,SLWX_2+X_3+SLNX2组合对圆斑星鲽养殖废水净化效果最佳,氨氮、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、总氮、化学需氧量的浓度分别低于对照组68.55%、48.36%、58.38%、40.02%和27.47%,SLWX_2+X_3组合的净化效果次之。此外,第21天时,对照组出现大量死鱼现象,各实验组中仅有少量死鱼。研究表明,添加的异养硝化–好氧反硝化细菌可在不添加碳源的情况下实现脱氮功能,有效维护养殖水质,并且对圆斑星鲽无毒害及致病作用。High nitrogen concentration in intensive aquaculture systems has recently become a serious problem to impact the survival of farmed animals and the marine environment.The newly found heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria showed several advantages in removing the nitrogen in the waster waters.To investigate the purifying effect of three heterotrophic nitrificationaerobic denitrification bacteria strains on waste water of Verasper variegates farming,240 Verasper variegates(98±6)g were divided into 8 groups randomly.Simultaneously,the various combinations of Bacillus hwajinpoensis(SLWX2),Halomonas alkaliphila(X3),and Alteromonas macleodii(SLNX2)were inoculated into the culture tanks respectively.Different inorganic nitrogen and organic matter of the various combinations were determined.The results showed that the concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen,nitrite-nitrogen,nitrate-nitrogen,total nitrogen,and chemical oxygen demand in the control group during the whole experiment were from 0.21 mg/L to 15.94 mg/L,0.08 mg/L to 5.68 mg/L,1.10 mg/L to 7.05 mg/L,1.74 mg/L to 38.86 mg/L,and 1.19 mg/L to 22.87 mg/L,respectively.The concentrations of the indices in the trial groups were significantly lower than those of the control group.Among the trial groups,the group SLWX2+X3+SLNX2 showed the best purifying effect with the concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen,nitrite-nitrogen,nitrate-nitrogen,total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand 68.55%,48.36%,58.38%,40.02%,and 27.47%lower than those in the control group,respectively.The group SLWX2+X3 showed the second best purifying effect.All trial groups had significantly lower fish death at the 21st day compared with the control group.The results indicated that these three heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria strains can effectively improve the water quality through nitrification and denitrification without adding carbon sources,and have no toxic or morbidity effect on Verasper variegatus.

关 键 词：异养硝化–好氧反硝化细菌 净化效果 细菌组合 圆斑星鲽 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]