碳酰肼和过碳酸钠反应的化学动力学和反应工艺(英文)  

Kinetics Study and Process Optimization for the Reaction of Carbohydrazide with Sodium Percarbonate

作　　者：张悦阳 黄敬如 王文杰[1] 王林[1] 杨利[1] 张同来[1] ZHANG Yue-yang;HUANG Jing-ru;WANG Wen-jie;WANG Lin;YANG Li;ZHANG Tong-lai

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2018年第4期346-351,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and T echnology(ZDKT17-01)

摘　　要：高氯酸三碳酰肼合锌(GTX)是一种大量使用的安全环保型高能起爆药,其母液中溶解有过量的碳酰肼和GTX起爆药,为了最大限度地消除母液中溶解的碳酰肼,运用容量滴定分析法和控制变量法研究了过碳酸钠(SPC)与碳酰肼(CHZ)的反应过程和影响因素,获得二者在80℃下的最佳反应工艺条件为:CHZ(0.1 mol·L^(-1))和SPC(0.15 mol·L^(-1))溶液的体积比为1∶4,反应时间不少于90 min时,CHZ的去除率可高达68%。应用最小二乘法对获得的反应时间与剩余CHZ浓度的数据进行一级动力学和二级动力学拟合,结果表明CHZ和SPC的反应过程符合二级动力学模型。Zinc tri(carbohydrazide)perchlorate(GTX)is a widely-used,safe,environmental-friendly and highly-energetic primary explosive.However,excessive quantities of carbohydrazide(CHZ)and GTX are dissolved in the mother liquor during the primary explosive manufacturing processes.To maximize the elimination of the residual CHZ,the reaction process and influence factors of the reaction of sodium percarbonate(SPC)with CHZ were studied by using the volumetric titration analysis and the controlled variable method.The optimum reaction conditions under 80℃are as follows:the volume ratio of CHZ(0.1 mol·L-1)and SPC(0.15 mol·L-1)is 1∶4,the reaction time isn′t less than 90 min,and the corresponding removal rate of CHZ could be as high as 68%.Moreover,the obtained reaction time and the residual CHZ concentration were fitted by the least square method based on both first-order and second-order kinetic models.Results indicate that the aforementioned reaction accords with the second-order kinetic model.

关 键 词：碳酰肼(CHZ) 过碳酸钠(SPC) 滴定分析 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O661[理学—分析化学]