改良集束化护理策略在预防极低出生体重早产儿呼吸机相关性肺炎中的影响  

The effect of improved cluster nursing strategy on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia for extremely low birth weight premature infants

作　　者：吴莲红 罗颖[1] 刘延锦 翟逢娣 肖政祥[1] WU Lian-hong;LUO Ying;LIU Yan-jin;ZHAI Feng-di;XIAO Zheng-xiang

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院,深圳市518172

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2018年第7期113-115,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：深圳市龙岗区科技创新局科研项目(20160607171152336)

摘　　要：目的探讨改良集束化护理策略对预防极低出生体重早产儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的影响。方法选择2016年1月至2017年11月入住我院NICU的经口气管插管且呼吸机辅助通气时间超过48 h的80例极低出生体重早产儿为研究对象,随机等分为对照组与改良组,两组分别行常规护理和改良集束化护理策略。比较两组护理方案对极低出生体重早产儿机械通气时间、住院天数以及呼吸机相关性肺炎等并发症的影响。结果改良组患儿机械通气时间、呼吸道感染改善时间、治疗时间以及住院天数均较对照组明显缩短,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);改良组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);改良组受试者鹅口疮、胃食管反流、真菌性肺炎发生率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良集束化护理策略有效地预防极低出生体重早产儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生,减少机械通气时间,缩短住院时间,降低并发症的发生率,有效改善了极低出生体重早产儿的生存质量。Objective To explore the effect of improved cluster nursing strategy on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia for extremely low birth weight premature infants.Methods To select 80 cases of very low birth weight premature infants who was admitted into our hospital and accepted orotracheal intubation treatment and ventilator assisted ventilation lasting more than 48 hours as the research object from January 2016 and November 2017,randomly divided them into control group and improved group.Routine nursing and improved cluster nursing strategy respectively carried out in both groups.To compare the effects of two nursing scheme on the mechanical ventilation duration,the number hospital stay and the complication of ventilator associated pneumonia.Results The time of mechanical ventilation,improvement time of respiratory tract infectivity,treatment time and length of hospitalization in the improved group were significantly shorter than those in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the improved group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of thrush,gastroesophageal reflux and fungal pneumonia in the improved group was significantly lower than that that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The improved cluster nursing strategies can effectively prevent incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia for low birth weight premature infants,reducing the time of mechanical ventilation,and shorten the length of hospital stay,reduce the incidence of complications and improve the survival quality of extremely low birth weight premature infants.

关 键 词：改良 集束化 极低出生体重早产儿 呼吸机相关性肺炎 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]