战后日本现实主义国际政治思想的原点--日本型现实主义析论  

The Origin of Japanese Realism as an International Political Thought:Japanese “Genjitsusyugi”

作　　者：张帆[1] Zhang Fan

机构地区：[1]日本京都大学法学研究科

出　　处：《日本学刊》2018年第2期134-158,共25页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：战后日本现实主义国际政治思想,有别于现实主义国际关系理论。日本型现实主义萌芽于1945—1960年的外交论争中,当时日本国内的"保守派"重视权力政治、担忧苏联威胁、反感舆论界的不良氛围,采取支持单独媾和、再军备与《日美安全条约》等做法,促成了"现实主义"的诞生。进入20世纪60年代,高坂正尧等学者提出了权力与价值并存的新的"现实主义",从而引领了日本型现实主义的崛起。新的"现实主义"承认权力的多样性,提倡渐进的和平路线,建议日本走"海洋国家"道路、宣布无核化、尽早恢复日中邦交。日本型现实主义的权力观与问题意识,给非西方国际关系理论的构筑带来了丰富的启示。As a political thought,Japanese“Genjitsusyugi”(Realism)in postwar Japan is different from the realism in Western IR theories.It was orginated from the debate of Japan’s foreign policy from 1945 to 1960.During that period Japanese conservatives focused on power politics,concerning about Soviet Union’s threat and opposing the abnormal environment of the public opinion and supporting maintaining peace with Western countries,rearmament and the Japan-U.S.Security Treaty.The view of Japanese conservatives’contributed to the evolution of“Genjitsusyugi”.In the 1960s,Japanese scholars such as Masataka Kōsaka put forward a new paradigm of“Genjitsusyugi”,which was based on the co-existence of power and value and promoted the rise of Japanese realism.The new paradigm of“Genjitsusyugi”acknowledged the diversity of power and proposed for a progressive way of peace,recommending Japan to become a“maritime nation”,adopt non-nuclear defense policy and promote the Sino-Japanese relations.Its views on power and consciousness of problems have served as inspiration for the development of non-Western IR theories.

关 键 词：国际关系 日本型现实主义 保守派 海洋国家 国际政治思想 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]