江苏四城市PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃室外呼吸暴露健康风险评估  

Outdoor inhalation exposure risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among PM_(2.5) in 4 Cities of Jiangsu province

作　　者：汪庆庆[1] 马小莹[1] 徐斌[1] 丁震[1] 陈晓东[1] 周连[1] WANG Qing-qing;MA Xiao-ying;XU Bin;DING Zhen;CHEN Xiao-dong;ZHOU Lian(Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210009

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2018年第2期140-144,207,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：卫生行业专项"雾霾天气人群健康风险评估和预警关键技术研究"(201402022);973计划项目"极端天气事件对人群健康的影响研究"(2012CB955502)

摘　　要：目的分析比较江苏省四城市PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃的污染水平和特征,评估其健康风险。方法对南京、无锡、徐州、镇江5个监测点2016年1-12月PM_(2.5)中16种多环芳烃进行分析,并在监测点周围选择4 813名≥18岁成人居民开展室外暴露时间调查,用苯并[a]芘致癌当量浓度、人群终身致癌超额危险度评价大气多环芳烃经室外呼吸暴露途径的人群健康风险。结果 PAHs年平均浓度由高到低分别为徐州(28.94±38.17)ng/m^3、无锡(16.70±14.85)ng/m^3、镇江(12.21±11.09)ng/m^3、南京化工园区(9.36±8.34)ng/m^3、南京江宁(6.25±5.86)ng/m^3,PAHs构成以4~6环为主,有一定的季节变化,1月和12月最高,主要来源于燃煤和机动车燃油的混合污染。居民平均室外暴露时间2.34~5.28h/d,南京化学工园区、南京江宁、无锡、徐州、镇江大气PAHs污染室外呼吸暴露途径所致成人的终身致癌超额危险度分别为1.6×10^(^(-6))、1.1×10^(-6)、3.0×10^(-6)、6.5×10^(-6),1.2×10^(-6)。结论 2016年南京、无锡、徐州、镇江大气PM_(2.5)中PAHs污染室外呼吸暴露途径所致成人的终身致癌超额危险度高于可接受水平,存在一定的致癌风险。Objective To investigate the pollution levels and assess the health risks of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)among PM 2.5 in 4 cities of Jiangsu province.Methods A total of 16 kinds of atmospheric particulate PAHs among PM 2.5 were detected in 2016 at 5 monitoring sites in Nanjing,Wuxi,Xuzhou and Zhenjiang.A total of 4 813 adults of 18 years or older in the vicinity of monitoring sites were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey for outdoor exposure time.Air PAHs-induced health risks to local population were assessed by benzo[a]pyrene(BaP)carcinogenic equivalents and the average life-long cancer risks.Results The average annual concentrations of PAHs ranked in descending order were Xuzhou(28.94±38.17)ng/m 3,Wuxi(16.70±14.85)ng/m 3,Zhenjiang(12.21±11.09)ng/m 3,Nanjing chemical industry park(9.36±8.34)ng/m 3,Nanjing Jiangnin district(6.25±5.86)ng/m 3.The PAHs were mainly 4 to 6 ring compound,with a certain seasonal variation,the high peaks were observed in Jan and Dec,major sources were mixed pollution of coal and motor fuel.The range of outdoor exposure times for close residents were 2.34 to 5.28 h/d.The average lifetime cancer risks of PAHs for adults were 1.6×10-6,1.1×10-6,3.0×10-6,6.5×10-6 and 1.2×10-6 in Nanjing chemical industry park,Nanjing Jiangnin district,Wuxi,Xuzhou and Zhengjiang,respectively.Conclusion The life-long cancer risks of atmospheric PAHs pollution among PM 2.5 in Nanjing,Wuxi,Xuzhou and Zhenjiang are above the acceptable risk level.There is a certain risk of carcinogenesis.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 健康风险评价 细颗粒物 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]