有机物消耗对珠江口沉积物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化过程的影响  

Controls of organic matters on denitrification and anammox in sediments of Pearl River Estuary by mesocosm experiments

作　　者：王岩 吴佳鹏[1,2] 关凤杰 何翔 焦黎静 洪义国 WANG Yan;WU Jiapeng;GUAN Fengjie;HE Xiang;JIAO Lijing;HONG Yiguo(State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Environmental Science and Engineering College,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [4]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第1期27-34,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41576123);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB452902);广州市科学研究重点项目(201504010005);河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKLEC-KF201507)

摘　　要：反硝化及厌氧氨氧化是两个主要的氮汇途径,能有效地将生态系统中的固定氮转化为N_2或N_2O释放到大气中。利用微宇宙与中宇宙模拟实验,本研究系统地分析了有机物的种类、可利用性和浓度大小对珠江口沉积物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化过程的影响。研究结果表明:有机物的消耗能显著提高反硝化的活性,不同种类的有机物表现出不同的活性,简单的小分子有机物活性最高,复杂有机物次之,惰性有机物则难以被利用。然而,有机物对厌氧氨氧化过程的促进并不显著,这主要与其自养型的代谢方式有关。中宇宙实验室进一步表明,有机物的消耗不但给反硝化过程提供了能源,而且由于有机物分解消耗氧气,为反硝化过程的发生提供了必要的环境条件。在有机物负荷状态下,反硝化过程在珠江口沉积物的脱氮过程中发挥主导作用。总之,沉积物中微生物脱氮是依赖有机物消耗的过程,表现出强烈的碳氮代谢耦合。Denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)are major nitrogen sink pathways,which can effectively transform fixed nitrogen as N2 or N2O into atmosphere.In this paper,the effects of species,availability and concentrations of organic matter on the denitrification and anammox of sediments from the Pearl River Estuary were analyzed by microcosm and mesocosm experiments.Experiment results showed that consumption of organic matter can significantly improve the denitrification activity.Different kinds of organic matter showed different activity,and small molecule organic matter had the highest activity,followed by complex organic matter,but refractory organic matter was difficult to be used by denitrifers.However,the promotion of anammox was not significant,which was mainly due to its autotrophic metabolism.In addition,mesocosm experiments showed that the consumption of organic matter not only provided energy for denitrification,but also provided the essential environmental conditions for the denitrification.Under the presence of organic matter,the denitrification played a key role for the nitrogen sink in the sediments of the Pearl River estuary.In conclusion,microbial denitrification in sediments was a process depending on the consumption of organic matter,showing a strong coupling between carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

关 键 词：有机物 反硝化 厌氧氨氧化 珠江口 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]