地震和人为干扰下紫坪埔水库小时空尺度景观格局变化特征  

Changes characteristics of small space-time scales landscape patterns under earthquake and human disturbance: an example of Zipingpu Reservoir

作　　者：彭勃 杨剑[2] PENG Bo;YANG Jian(Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,611756,China;Faculty of Applied Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,四川成都611756 [2]西南科技大学应用技术学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第1期136-144,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2014SZ0058)

摘　　要：运用景观格局指数分析法和GIS技术地图叠加法,结合2007年、2008年、2012年和2016年四期的卫星遥感影像,研究了地震和人为干扰下近10年紫坪埔水库区域的景观格局变化特征和干扰分布特征。研究结果表明:(1)研究区土地利用景观要素发生了明显变化,耕地面积略有增加,林地面积大幅度减少,湿地、人工绿地、工程用地和居住用地增加,土地利用变化最明显的区域主要在集镇区和灾后人工恢复的裸露山区。(2)紫坪铺水库区域的景观斑块数先快速上升,后逐渐下降;斑块平均面积先下降后逐渐上升;最大斑块指数先持续下降后逐渐上升;斑块密度先上升后逐渐下降;破碎度指数、多样性指数和优势度指数先上升后下降,均匀度指数则是先下降后上升,研究区域内景观异质性程度降低;廊道要素里的道路、护坡和绿化的长度持续增加,河流廊道长度没有变化。(3)2007—2016年,极重度和重度干扰区被大量"渗透"和"分解",出现大面积中度、轻度和极轻度干扰区,说明人为干扰对研究区域的景观格局变化和生态恢复具有积极作用。Using the method of landscape pattern index analysis and GIS technology,this paper combined the satellite remote sensing images of 2007,2008,2012 and 2016 to study the landscape pattern of Zipingpu Reservoir area under the influence of earthquakes and human interference change characteristics and interference distribution characteristics.Results are as follows.(1)The landscape elements of land use in the study area changed obviously;the area of arable land increased slightly;the area of forest land decreased significantly;wetland,artificial green space,engineering land and residential land increased,and the areas with the most obvious land use change were mainly in the township and post-disaster recovery bare mountain area.(2)The number of landscape patches in Zipingpu Reservoir firstly increased rapidly and then decreased gradually;the average area of patches first decreased and then gradually increased;the maximum patch index increased gradually and then increased gradually;the patch density first increased and then decreased gradually;the degree of fragmentation index,diversity index and dominance index firstly increased and then decreased;while evenness index increased first and then decreased,and the degree of landscape heterogeneity in the study area decreased.The length of roads,revetments and greenery in corridor elements continued to increase.Corridor length was not changed.(3)From 2007 to 2016,severe and severe disturbance areas were heavily infiltrated and decomposed,showing a large area of moderate,mild and minimal disturbance areas,indicating that the change in landscape pattern and ecological restoration of the study area caused by human disturbance had a positive effect.

关 键 词：地震 人为干扰 小时空尺度 景观格局 GIS 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]