生物炭对土壤理化和微生物性质影响研究进展  

Review of effect of biochar on soil physi-chemical and microbial properties

作　　者：唐行灿 陈金林 TANG Xingcan;CHEN Jinlin(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学生物与环境学院,南京210037 [2]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第1期192-199,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB416904);江苏省基础研究计划(BK20130973);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：生物炭是生物质原料限氧热解制备的高度芳香化和富含碳元素的黑色固体物质。生物炭所具有的独特的性质使生物炭在土壤改良方面具有很大的潜力,已成为当前农业科学领域的研究热点。但是,生物炭的性质受原料和热解温度的影响。生物炭性质和土壤环境条件的差异可在较大程度上影响生物炭改良土壤的效果。因此,必须根据土壤的主要障碍因子,选择合适的生物炭施加方案,以期得到较好的土壤改良效果。综述了近年来国内外有关生物炭对土壤理化和微生物性质影响的研究进展,探讨了生物炭改变土壤性质的机制和影响因素,阐述了生物炭研究和应用中存在的一些问题,从而为生物炭在农业领域的应用提供一定的思路。Solid carbonaceous biochar with highly aromatic structure and great stability is the product of thermal degradation of organic material in the absence of air.Soil amendment with biochar is evaluated globally as a means to improve soil fertility.However,the physical and chemical properties of biochar are highly dependent on feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature.The improvements of soil characteristics may be largely dependent on the properties of biochar and soil.Therefore,we must select the appropriate biochar according to the main obstacle factors of different soil in order to get a better effect of soil improvement.In this paper,we summarize the current status and knowledge gaps about the effect of biochar amendment on soil physi-chemical and microbial properties.Mechanism of the change of soil characteristics and its affecting factors after biochar amendment are highlighted so as to provide perspectives on application and promotion of biochar technology.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤改良 理化性质 微生物性质 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]