不同性别和年龄小儿急性腹泻的常见病原微生物检验结果研究  

Analysis of common pathogenic microorganisms causing of different gender and age acute diarrhea in children

作　　者：张韩[1] 何先伟[1] 任静[1] ZHANG Han;HE Xian-wei;REN Jing(Department of Laboratory,Guangyuan Central Hospital,Guangyuan Sichuan 628000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省广元市中心医院检验科,四川广元628000

出　　处：《临床和实验医学杂志》2018年第8期880-883,共4页Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析导致不同性别、不同年龄小儿急性腹泻的常见病原微生物检验情况,探究病原微生物构成状况,指导该病临床预防及诊治。方法前瞻性纳入2015年1月至2017年1月接收的180例急性腹泻患儿为对象,粪便标本采集后行细菌培养及鉴定,采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测病毒抗原,并利用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)进行病毒核酸检测,分析病毒分型及病原微生物分布特征,分析其关联性。结果 (1)不同病原微生物检出情况:180例样品标本中病原微生物检出率达61.67%,其中病毒占76.58%,主要以人轮状病毒(HRV)、人杯状病毒(HuCV)为主;(2)不同性别、年龄、月份病原微生物检出情况:180例急性腹泻患儿中男性、女性病原微生物检出率分别为55.86%、44.14%,不同性别患儿病原微生物检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);年龄<1岁、1~2岁、3~5岁检出率分别为27.93%、54.05%、18.02%,不同年龄段患儿病原微生物检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12~2月、3~5月、6~8月、9~11月检出率分别为36.04%、15.31%、39.64%、9.01%,不同月份患儿病原微生物检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)不同病原微生物感染季节分布特点:全年均可发生病原微生物感染,6~8月属于HuCV高发期,12~2月为HRV高发期,不同病原微生物感染的季节比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿急性腹泻病原微生物检出率与性别无关,1~2岁小儿易出现急性腹泻,微生物检验多表现为病毒,并具有季节分布规律,其中6~8月多为HuCV,12~2月为HRV,临床应了解微生物感染类型及分布规律,实施针对性治疗。Objective To analyze 180 cases of acute diarrhea in children with common pathogenic microorganism test,to explore the composition of pathogenic microorganisms,and to guide the clinical prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods 180 cases of acute diarrhea were enrolled in our study,from January 2015 to January 2017 in our hospital.The fecal samples were collected after bacterial culture and identification,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect virus antigen,and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was performed to detect virus nucleic acid analysis.The association of virus typing and pathogen distribution was analyzed.Results ①the different pathogenic microorganism detection:the pathogen detection rate of 180 cases of specimens was 61.67%,which accounted for 76.58%of the virus,suggesting that HRV,HuCV were the mainly virus causing acute diarrhea in children;②different gender,age,month of pathogenic microorganism detection:detection rates of male and female pathogen were 55.86%,44.14%,without statistically significant difference(P>0.05);the detection rates of age<1 years,1 to 2 years,from 3 to 5 the age subgroups were 27.93%,54.05%,18.02%,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05);the detection rates of December to February,March to May,June to August,September to November,were 36.04%,15.31%,39.64%,9.01%,the difference of the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms in different months was statistically significant(P<0.05);③the different seasonal distribution of pathogenic microorganism infection:infection of pathogenic microorganisms can occur throughout the year,from June to August,belongs to the HuCV period,from December to February for the HRV period,there was statistical significance in different seasons of pathogenic microorganism infection difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Pediatric acute diarrhea pathogenic microorganisms detection has nothing to do with gender.1~2 years old children are prone to acute diarrhea,microbial testing shows the virus is the

关 键 词：小儿 急性腹泻 病原微生物 性别 年龄 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学] R725.7[医药卫生—临床医学]