以三氯化硼为介质离心分离硼同位素  

Centrifugal Separation of Boron Isotopes Using Boron Trichloride as Processing Gas

作　　者：潘建雄 周明胜[1] 裴根[1] 姜东君[1] 洪锋 PAN Jianxiong;ZHOU Mingsheng;PEI Gen;JIANG Dongjun;HONG Feng(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《同位素》2018年第2期77-83,共7页Journal of Isotopes

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11475095)

摘　　要：为了实现硼同位素的分离制备,采用气体离心法,以三氯化硼为工作介质进行离心分离研究。通过单机分离实验,对三氯化硼样品进行质谱分析,得到不同供料流量、分流比条件下的基本全分离系数,并在此基础上进行富集硼-10的离心分离级联计算。结果表明,以三氯化硼为工作介质离心分离硼同位素可行;三氯化硼的基本全分离系数可达1.08;使用30级矩形级联或60级相对丰度匹配级联一次分离可以获得丰度大于60%的硼-10同位素产品,二次分离可以获得丰度大于90%的硼-10同位素产品。该研究的开展可为离心法生产高丰度硼同位素产品提供参考。Stable isotopes had been widely used in the industrial production,health care,fundamental physics research,and so on.Natural boron has two stable isotopes:10 B(19.9%)and 11 B(80.1%).The thermal neutron cross section of 10 B isotope is 3 835 barns,while that of 11 B isotope is only 0.005 5 barns.With high cross section for thermal neutron,10 B isotope gains important applications in nuclear industry,radiation therapy and other fields.In the third-generation nuclear power plants,it’s required that the primary coolant should use enriched boric acid with 10 B isotope in abundance of 30%-60%.Boron carbide with 10 B isotope in abundance of 92%is used in fast neutron reactors as the control rod.10 B isotope can also be used for boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)in cancer treatments.In order to obtain high-abundance 10 B isotope,the study on gas centrifugal separation of boron isotopes was carried out based on domestic centrifuges,with boron trichloride as processing gas.Single-centrifuge experiments of different feed flows and cuts were done.Samples of each experiment were analyzed by the gas mass spectrometer to calculate separation performance.As a result,the overall separation factor of boron trichloride was about 1.08.Furthermore,the influence of feed flow and cut on overall separation factor was studied.Finally,based on the single-centrifuge experiments,parameters of centrifugal cascades for high-abundance 10 B isotope production were carried out by numerical calculation.Cascade parameters of square cascade and matched abundance ratio cascade were worked out separately.10 B isotope production in abundance of 60%and 90%could be obtained by cascades with suitable parameters.The single-centrifuge experimental study and cascade calculation proved the feasibility of boron isotope separation by gas centrifugation method,with boron trichloride as processing gas.It laid a foundation for enriched boron isotopes production.

关 键 词：硼同位素 稳定同位素分离 气体离心法 三氯化硼 基本全分离系数 

分 类 号：TL252[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]