环境规制对全要素能源效率的作用效应与能源消费结构演变的适配关系研究  

Suitability of environmental regulation effect on total-factor energy efficiency and relation to energy consumption structure evolution

作　　者：陶长琪[1] 李翠 王夏欢 TAO Chang-qi;LI Cui;WANG Xia-huan(School of Statistics,Jiangxi University of Finance&Economics,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学统计学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2018年第4期98-108,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"环境约束下要素集聚促进区域产业结构升级的机制研究--基于区域创新能力差异化视角"(批准号:71273122);"环境约束下区域技术创新效率的空间特征;溢出效应及影响机制研究"(批准号:41461025);"低碳视角下促进区域经济协调发展的要素空间联动机制研究"(批准号:71463023);"低碳视角下促进区域经济协调发展的要素空间联动机制研究"(批准号:71463023)

摘　　要：文章采用SBM方向距离函数对我国2004—2015年省际全要素能源效率进行测算,通过Bootstrap对结果进行修正,并利用PSTR面板平滑转移模型,探究环境规制对全要素能源效率的作用与"化石能源消费比例"、"化石能源消费规模"能源消费结构两因素演变的适配关系。在化石能源消费由高到低连续变化的不同阶段下,由于环境外部性大小不同、企业"成本效应"不同和"公告效应"的存在,环境规制对全要素能源效率的作用存在相应的差异。结果表明:12年来我国的全要素能源效率呈波动变化,总体没有上升或下降的趋势。另外,环境规制对全要素能源效率的作用与能源消费结构演变存在显著适配关系。(1)单纯以化石燃料消费占比来看,当化石燃料占比处于较高的消费区间,环境规制水平对全要素能源效率呈现负向作用;当化石燃料占比降逐渐降低,此时负向作用减弱甚至开始促进全要素能源效率提高;(2)在"化石燃料消费占比"、"化石燃料消费规模"结构两因素共同演变视角下,化石燃料消费占比高、规模高,环境规制水平对全要素能源效率也呈现负向作用,当化石燃料消费占比、规模逐渐降低,环境规制水平对全要素能源效率的作用逐步由负转正,并且促进效用逐步增大。因此,本文的政策结论是:环境规制的调控效果与能源消费结构演变阶段存在适配关系,脱离了"节能"的环境规制效率是低下的,甚至是负作用。因此:(1)必须立足于一国能源消费结构现状来控制环境规制强度。(2)只有在严格深化以非化石燃料等清洁能源替代化石能源的能源结构改革的前提下,环境规制才能更加深刻而有效地助力我国能源效率的改善。This paper uses‘SBM-DDF’model to examine total-factor energy efficiency(TFEE)of China’s 30 provinces during 2004-2015,and revises the result by Bootstrap method.Based on that,the PSTR model is used as a tool to explore adaptation relationship between impact of the environmental regulation level on energy efficiency and evolution of‘fossil energy consumption ratio’and‘fossil energy consumption scale’-the two factors of energy consumption structure.The environmental externalities vary with different fossil energy consumption proportions.The environmental regulation effect on TFEE may have imparity due to the disparate‘cost effect’and‘announcement effect’.The results show that China’s total factor energy efficiency fluctuates in 2014-2015,and there is no general trend of rising or declining.Additionally,the effect of environmental regulation on the energy efficiency of all elements is closely adapted to the continuous evolution of energy consumption structure.①In the perspective of fossil energy consumption,environmental regulation has a negative role on TFEE at high fossil energy consumption otherwise positive role.②In common perspective of fossil fuel consumption structure and scale these two elements,environmental regulation also plays a negative role on TFEE at high ratio and large-scale of fossil fuel consumption.With the reduction of fossil fuel consumption,environmental regulation influence on TFEE would be gradually from negative to positive and continuously expanding.Our finding indicates that the regulation effect of environmental regulation has the adaptability relationship with the evolution stage of energy consumption structure.The efficiency of environmental regulation betrayed from‘energy is saving’is lower or even negative.Therefore,①The environmental regulation level should be subject to current energy consumption structure.②Replacement of fossil fuel with clean fuel should be strictly conducted so as to improve TFEE in China with strengthening environmental regul

关 键 词：环境规制 全要素能源效率 能源消费结构 适配关系 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学]