BSL-4实验室设施和关键设备生物防护风险研究  

Biological protection test of facilities and key equipment in BSL-4 laboratory

作　　者：胡凌飞 靳爱军 张柯 刘波波 杜涛[2] 李劲松 李娜 HU Ling-fei;JIN Ai-jun;ZHANG Ke;LIU Bo-bo;DU Tao;LI Jin-song;LI Na(State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Protective Equipment,Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,100071 Beijing,China;Wuhan Institute of Virology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,430071 Wuhan,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院军事医学研究院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室/国家生物防护装备工程技术中心,北京100071 [2]中国科学院武汉病毒研究所,武汉430071

出　　处：《中国医药生物技术》2018年第2期104-109,共6页Chinese Medicinal Biotechnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1202202)

摘　　要：目的在正常运行的生物安全四级(BSL-4)实验室内,用生物学方法对实验室设施和关键设备进行气溶胶防护效果测试,为BSL-4实验室的风险评估提供数据参考。方法用粘质沙雷菌和噬菌体ΦX174代替高致病性微生物发生气溶胶,通过安德森采样器定量采样法来测试设施和关键设备的生物防护效果。结果所测试的设施设备对生物气溶胶的防护效率均达到99.9%以上,其中气密门和正压防护服在模拟意外发生的情况下依然达到超过99.99%的防护效率。结论在所测试的BSL-4实验室设施设备正常运行情况下,发生生物泄漏风险的概率很小。Objective To test the aerosol protective effect of biosafety facilities and key equipments using biological methods under the normal operation of the BSL-4 laboratory,and to use these data in risk assessment of BSL-4 laboratory.Methods Aerosol was generated using Serratia marcescens and bacteriophageΦX174 of Escherichia coli 13706 in place of the highly pathogenic microorganisms and the bio-protective effect of critical facility equipments were tested by an Andersen sampler quantitative sampling method.Results The bio-aerosol protection efficiency of the tested facilities and equipments all reached above 99.9%.Among them,the airtight door and the positive pressure suit biological protection efficiency still reached above 99.99%while simulating the accidental leakage operation.Conclusions Under the normal operation of the BSL-4 laboratory,the probability of biosafety leakage risk of the key facilities and equipment tested is very low.

关 键 词：生物安全四级实验室 微生物气溶胶 风险评估 设施 设备 

分 类 号：R197.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]