辽西不同地区急性心肌梗死相关危险因素比较分析  

Comparative analysis of risk factors related to acute myocardial infarction in different areas of western Liaoning

作　　者：李睿[1] 栾波 段娜 李佳进 李媛 王永 侯爱洁 Li Rui;Luan bo;Duan Na;LI Jiajin;Li Yuan;Wang Yong;Hou Aijie(Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,沈阳110847 [2]中国医科大学人民医院(辽宁省人民医院)心内科,中国沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国循证心血管医学杂志》2018年第3期300-303,共4页Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Medicine

基　　金：2014年辽宁省省直医院改革重点临床科室诊疗能力建设项目(LNCCC-B02-2014)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同年龄段、不同性别、以及不同地区急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者之间的危险因素、相关病史以及院内病死率差异。方法回顾性分析2015年1月~12月于阜新市中心医院和北票市中心医院循环科住院的急性心肌梗死患者共550例,其中男性321例,女性199例。收集患者一般情况、危险因素、相关病史、出院诊断以及院内不良心血管事件等临床资料。结果男性AMI患者中,<55岁组发病比例最高;女性AMI患者中,≥75岁组AMI发生比例最高,且年龄和AMI发生比例呈正相关(P<0.05)。AMI发病比例男性多于女性。女性AMI患者有高血压史和糖尿病史多于男性AMI患者;男性AMI患者吸烟史明显多于女性AMI患者(P均<0.05)且吸烟史在<55岁组所占比例最高。阜新地区的AMI患者血脂异常率高于来自北票地区,合并有缺血性脑卒中病史所占比例低于北票(P均<0.05)。在ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)中,下壁心肌梗死和前壁心肌梗死(包括前壁、前间壁、广泛前壁)发病例数高;STEMI的院内死亡率高于非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)(P均<0.05)。结论男性AMI患者发病呈年轻化趋势,且随着年龄增长AMI发生比例增加,AMI发病比例男性多于女性,不同性别和不同地区的AMI患者危险因素和相关病史所占比例不同。不同梗死部位发病例数和院内死亡比例不同,STEMI发病例数多于NSTEMI,在STEMI中,其中下壁心肌梗死发病例数最高,STEMI的院内死亡比例高于NSTEMI。Objective To explore the differences in risk factors,related medical history,and hospital mortality between patients of different ages,different sexes,and patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in different regions.Methods A total of 550 AMI patients were selected from Fuxin Central Hospital and Beipiao Central Hospital between January 2015 to December 2015,including 321 males and 199 females.Clinical data such as patient general condition,risk factors,related medical history,discharge diagnosis and hospital adverse cardiovascular events were collected.Results Group of age≥75 years old had the highest proportion of AMI.Group of age<55 years old had the highest proportion of males with AMI.Group of age≥75 years old had the highest proportion of females with AMI.Age and the proportion of AMI was positively correlated(P<0.05).The incidence of AMI in males is higher than that in females.There were more females than males with respect to history of hypertension and diabetes,and more males than females with respect to history of smoking(P<0.05).In the 55-year-old group,there was a higher proportion of patients with a history of smoking.The abnormal rate of dyslipidemia in patients with AMI in Fuxin area was higher than that in Beipiao area(P<0.05).The history of ischemic stroke in Fuxin area was lower than that of Beipiao(P<0.05).The number of ST-elevated myocardial infarction(STEMI)patients was higher than number of non ST-elevated myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)patients.Lower wall myocardial infarction and anterior myocardial infarction(including anterior wall,anterior wall,extensive anterior wall)higher incidence.The hospital mortality rate of STEMI was higher than NSTEMI(all P<0.05).Conclusion Group of age≥75 years old had the highest proportion of AMI.The male AMI patients had become younger.The incidence of AMI increases with age.The incidence of AMI in males was higher than that in females.AMI patients of different genders and regions had different proportions of risk factors and related medical histo

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 年龄分布 性别分布 地区分布 危险因素 相关病史 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]