电化学射流加工的电场仿真及实验研究  

Electric Field Simulation and Experiment of Electrochemical Jet Machining

作　　者：张成光 张勇[2] 张飞虎[2] ZHANG Chengguang;ZHANG Yong;ZHANG Feihu(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhoukou Normal University,Zhoukou 466000;School of Mechatronics Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001)

机构地区：[1]周口师范学院机械与电气工程学院,周口466000 [2]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《材料导报》2017年第24期191-199,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275116);航空科学基金(2012EE77010);黑龙江省博士后启动基金(LBH-Q11090);周口师范学院高层次人才科研启动基金(ZKNUC2016020)

摘　　要：首先建立电化学射流加工去除模型,并基于电解液喷射流场建立三维电场仿真模型,采用ANSYS进行三维电场仿真,得到工件阳极表面的电场强度分布规律。研究表明,电压和喷射距离对电化学射流加工速度的影响很大,喷射角度、喷嘴直径和喷射压力对电化学射流加工的速度影响较小,电解液浓度(电导率)对电化学射流加工的电场强度没有影响,但对电化学射流加工的电流密度影响很大,电解液浓度对电化学射流加工速度的影响很大。然后进行不同工艺参数下电化学射流加工材料去除率实验,结果表明电压、喷射距离和电解液浓度对材料去除率的影响很大,与电场仿真结果一致。最后以SKD11模具钢为例进行NaNO3和NaCl电解液的电化学射流加工的表面形貌观察,结果表明,采用NaCl电解液的电化学加工后工件表面存在"微裂纹";而采用NaNO3电解液的电化学加工后工件表面不存在"微裂纹",加工过程中工件表面有Cr析出,加工区域氧化膜厚度是不均匀的。The removal model of electrochemical jet machining(ECJM)and three dimensional model of electric field simulation were established based on the electrolyte jet flow field.The electric field of ECJM was simulated by ANSYS,obtaining distribution of electric field on the surface of the anode workpiece.It also suggests that voltage and jet distance have a great influence on velocity of ECJM,jet angle,nozzle diameter and jet pressure have little influence on velocity of ECJM.The electrolyte concentration(conductivity)has no effect on electric field intensity of ECJM.However,the electrolyte concentration(conductivity)has a great influence on current density of ECJM,the electrolyte concentration has a great influence on speed of ECJM.The material removal rate experiments of ECJM were carried under different electrochemical jet process parameters.The experimental results show that the voltage and electrolyte concentration and jet distance have a great influence on material removal rate of ECJM.It is consistent with the electric field simulation.Finally,the experiments of surface morphology were carried with SKD11 steel dies.The experimental results show that the workpiece surface of ECJM exist“micro cracks”with NaCl solution as electrolyte,the workpiece surface of ECJM has no“micro cracks”with NaNO 3 solution as electrolyte.The Cr precipitate on the workpiece surface in the process of ECJM,the thickness of oxide film is uneven at machining region of workpiece surface.

关 键 词：电化学射流加工 电场仿真 ANSYS 去除模型 表面形貌 

分 类 号：TG662[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]