1986～2016年呼伦湖水域面积动态变化及与气候因素关系研究  

STUDY ON DYNAMIC CHANGE OF HULUN LAKE WATER AREA AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CLIMATIC FACTORS DURING 1986～2016

作　　者：赵澍[1] 冀玮强 高鹏 韩文君 徐大伟[1] Zhao Shu;Ji Weiqiang;Gao Peng;Han Wenjun;Xu Dawei(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Beijing 100081,China;Baotou Teachers′College,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/呼伦贝尔草原生态系统野外科学观测研究站,北京100081 [2]包头师范学院,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2018年第4期53-58,共6页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500608);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34);中国科学院野外站联盟项目(KFJ-SW-YW026)

摘　　要：目的]呼伦湖是内蒙古自治区第一大湖,在呼伦贝尔市生态保护和经济发展中发挥着不可替代的重要作用,动态监测呼伦湖水域面积是呼伦湖保护和可持续发展的基础。[方法]以呼伦湖地区1986~2016年Landsat系列卫星TM、ETM+、OLI影像,通过目视解译提取呼伦湖31年的水域面积,分析其在时间和空间上变化特征,并探寻其动态变化的气候驱动因素。[结果](1)1986~2016年呼伦湖水域面积动态变化可分为4个阶段,呼伦湖水域面积最大为1991年的2 315.94万km^2,最小为2012年的1 761.90万km^2;(2)呼伦湖水域面积与生长季平均相对湿度呈极显著正相关关系,降水量、平均气温、蒸发量虽然在统计上与呼伦湖水域面积无显著相关关系,但间接地与平均相对湿度存在显著的相关关系;呼伦湖水域面积与乌尔逊河、克鲁伦河年径流量呈极显著正相关关系。[结论]从长期来看,呼伦湖水域面积整体呈下降趋势,主要减少区域分布在东北部及南部;不同气候因素对呼伦湖水域面积存在直接或间接的相关关系且影响各异,需综合考虑。Hulun Lake,as the largest lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,plays an irreplaceable role in the eco-protection and economic development in Hulunber city,and dynamic monitoring the water area of the lake is essential for its protection and sustainable development.We extracted the water area of Hulun Lake in 31 years with visual interpretation based on the TM,ETM+,OLI images of Landsat from 1986 to 2016,and analyzed the change features of the lake in time and space to explore the climatic driving features in its dynamic change.The result showed that(1)there were four phases from 1986 to 2016 in the dynamic water area change of Hulun Lake.The biggest area appeared in 1991,which was 231 594 hm 2,and the smallest area of 176 190 hm 2 in 2012;(2)there was significant positive correlation between the water area of the lake and annual relative humidity in growing season,although precipitation,average temperature,evaporation were no significant correlation in statistics with the water area,but had significantly correlation with the average relative humidity,the annual runoff of Wuerxun River and Kelulun River were significant positive correlations with the water area.The water area of Hulun Lake generally decreased in the long time,and the major reduced areas in the northeast and south,a comprehensive consideration should be taken since many climatic elements affect the water area differently.

关 键 词：呼伦湖 水域面积 遥感 气候因素 动态变化 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]