Application of an impact plate-Bedload transport measuring system for high-speed flows  

作　　者：Takahiro Koshiba Christian Auel Daizo Tsutsumi Sameh A.Kantoush Tetsuya Sumi 

机构地区：[1]Water Resources Research Center,Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Goka-sho,Uji 611-0011,Japan [2]ILF Consulting Engineers,Feldkreuzstrasse 3,6063 Rum/Innsbruck,Austria [3]Hodaka Sedimentation Observatory,Research Center for Fluvial and Coastal Disasters,Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Gifu 506-1422,Japan

出　　处：《International Journal of Sediment Research》2018年第1期35-46,共12页国际泥沙研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant number 26257304;the regional research project of river and sediment management technology development by MLIT(H26-85-4);support of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(P14776)

摘　　要：To achieve the sustainable use of dams, the development of methods for sediment management in reservoirs is required. One such method includes the use of Sediment Bypass Tunnels(SBTs) to divert sediment around a dam, thereby preventing sedimentation in the reservoir. However, SBTs are prone to severe invert abrasion caused by the high sediment flux. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a measurement system of the sediment transport rate in these tunnels. One system to measure sediment transport in rivers is the Swiss plate geophone, which can register plate vibrations caused by particle impact. In Japan, the Japanese pipe microphone is used, and sediment transport is measured based on the sound emitted by the particle impact. In this study an attempt was made to optimize the advantages of both systems by fixing a microphone and an acceleration sensor to a steel plate. The results of calibration experiments with this new system are presented and compared with the existing methods. It was found that the acceleration sensor can detect sediment particles larger than 2 mm in diameter.Moreover, a new parameter, referred to as the detection rate, was introduced to describe the correlation between the actual amount of sediment and the registered output. Finally, two parameters-the saturation rate and hit rate-are introduced and exhibit strong correlation with the detection rate.(?) 2018 International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation/the World AssociationTo achieve the sustainable use of dams, the development of methods for sediment management in reservoirs is required. One such method includes the use of Sediment Bypass Tunnels(SBTs) to divert sediment around a dam, thereby preventing sedimentation in the reservoir. However, SBTs are prone to severe invert abrasion caused by the high sediment flux. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a measurement system of the sediment transport rate in these tunnels. One system to measure sediment transport in rivers is the Swiss plate geophone, which can register plate vibrations caused by particle impact. In Japan, the Japanese pipe microphone is used, and sediment transport is measured based on the sound emitted by the particle impact. In this study an attempt was made to optimize the advantages of both systems by fixing a microphone and an acceleration sensor to a steel plate. The results of calibration experiments with this new system are presented and compared with the existing methods. It was found that the acceleration sensor can detect sediment particles larger than 2 mm in diameter.Moreover, a new parameter, referred to as the detection rate, was introduced to describe the correlation between the actual amount of sediment and the registered output. Finally, two parameters-the saturation rate and hit rate-are introduced and exhibit strong correlation with the detection rate.(?) 2018 International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation/the World Association

关 键 词：Sediment Bypass Tunnel BEDLOAD Acoustic measurement GEOPHONE HYDROPHONE High-speed flow 

分 类 号：P3[天文地球—地球物理学]