脊髓灰质炎后遗症及脊髓灰质炎后综合征患者跌倒的预防  

Prevention of Falls in Patients with Poliomyelitis Sequelae and Post-polio Syndrome(review)

作　　者：王玉明[1,2] 宫慧明[1,2] 张爱民[3] 黄莹 WANG Yu-ming;GONG Hui-ming;ZHANG Ai-min;HUANG Ying(Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction,Beijing Bo'ai Hospital,China Rehabilitation Research Center,Beijing 100068,China;Capital Medical University School of Rehabilitation Medicine,Beijing 100068,China;Research Institute of Rehabilitation Information,China Rehabilitation Research Center,Beijing 100068,China;China Administration of Sports for Persons with Disabilities,Beijing 101318,China)

机构地区：[1]中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院脊柱脊髓神经功能重建科,北京市100068 [2]首都医科大学康复医学院,北京市100068 [3]中国康复研究中心康复信息研究所,北京市100068 [4]中国残疾人体育运动管理中心,北京市101318

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2018年第4期422-426,共5页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

摘　　要：跌倒和跌倒有关的伤害是脊髓灰质炎后遗症及脊髓灰质炎后综合征(PPS)患者常见且重要的问题。患者存在一般老年人跌倒的相同危险因素,同时脊髓灰质炎后遗症及PPS引起的疲劳、肌肉和关节疼痛、不能耐受寒冷等也可能导致跌倒发生。跌倒经常导致这些患者出现身体损伤、进一步残疾以及跌倒恐惧心理,继而避免活动。为了降低脊髓灰质炎后遗症及PPS患者的跌倒发生率,应认真综合评价跌倒的发生,纠正并消除患者的错误观念,分析跌倒的原因及机制,减少风险因素,采取多学科综合性跌倒管理计划及干预措施,保持健康的生活方式,预防跌倒,避免进一步致残。Falls and fall-related injuries are common and important issues among the patients with poliomyelitis sequelae and post-polio syndrome(PPS).They have the same risk factors of falls as general elderly;in addition,fatigue,muscle and joint pain caused by poliomyelitis sequelae and PPS,and the inability to tolerate the cold can also lead to falls.Falls often result in physical injury,further disability,fear of falling,and then avoidance of activity.In order to reduce falls of the patients with poliomyelitis sequela and PPS,we should evaluate the fall carefully,correct and eliminate the patient's misconceptions,analyze the cause and the mechanism,and reduce the risk factors,give the multi-disciplinary comprehensive management plan and intervention measures,in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle,and prevent falls and avoid further disability.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎后遗症 脊髓灰质炎后综合征 跌倒 风险因素 预防 综述 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]