基于示功图的抽油机平衡诊断与调整  

Balance Diagnosis and Adjustment of Pumping Unit Based on Indicator Diagram

作　　者：张瑞超[1] 肖良飞 陈德春[2] 彭元东[3] 秦延才[4] 赵腾飞 Zhang Ruichao;Xiao Liangfei;Chen Dechun;Peng Yuandong;Qin Yancai;Zhao Tengfei(Shengli College,China University of Petroleum;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Huadong);Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering,Sinopec Henan Oilfield Company;Hekou Oil Production Plant,Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学胜利学院 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院 [3]中国石化河南油田分公司石油工程研究院 [4]中国石化胜利油田分公司河口采油厂

出　　处：《石油机械》2018年第4期88-93,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目"提高采油系统效率与智能化监控技术"(P15121);中国石化胜利油田分公司项目"智能井群管控软件开发"(YT1508)

摘　　要：针对抽油机不平衡影响抽油机设备安全及油井生产系统效率等问题,推导了4种类型抽油机井悬点载荷与电机输出功率的数学关系模型,根据已知示功图计算电机输出功率-悬点位移图,并进行抽油机平衡的实时智能诊断与调整。计算结果表明:基于示功图计算的功率-位移图与实测功率-位移图很接近,计算与实测的上冲程功率峰值、下冲程功率峰值、功率极差和平均功率的平均相对误差分别为3.69%、5.03%、1.26%和2.63%;X1井平衡度的计算值和实测值分别为0.26和0.25,抽油机处于欠平衡状态;X2井平衡度的计算值和实测值分别为1.34和1.29,抽油机处于过平衡状态,这表明平衡诊断具有较高的精度。研究成果拓宽了示功图的应用范围,可为抽油机井实时智能平衡诊断与调整提供理论与技术支持,有利于提高油井生产效率与效益。Considering the effect of unbalance of pumping unit on the safety and efficiency of well production systems,the mathematical relationships between the polished rod load and the motor output power of the 4 pumping units are derived.According to the given indicator diagrams,the output power of the motor-the polished rod displacement is attained.Real-time intelligent diagnosis and adjustment of the balance of the pumping unit is established.The case study calculation results show that the calculated power-displacement diagram based on the indicator diagram is close to the measured power-displacement diagram.The average relative errors between the calculated and measured upper stroke power peak,lower stroke power peak,power range,and average power are 3.6 9%,5.0 3%,1.2 6%and 2.63%.The calculated and measured balance values of the Well XI are 0.26 and 0.25,respectively.The pumping unit is in underbalanced condition.The calculated and measured balance values of the Well X2 are 1.34 and 1.29,respectively.The pumping unit is in an overbalanced state,which indicates that the balance diagnosis has a high accuracy.The research results show a broadened application scope of the indicator diagram,which provide theoretical and technical supports for real-time intelligent balance diagnosis and adjustment of rod-pumped wells,and help improve the production efficiency and benefits of oil wells.

关 键 词：示功图 功率-位移图 平衡诊断 平衡调整 计算模型 抽油机井 

分 类 号：TE355[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]