波浪破碎过程对油滴垂直混合影响的数值模拟及实际验证  

Numerical Simulation and Verification of the Impact of Wave Breaking to the Vertical Mixing of Oil Drops

作　　者：孙宝楠[1,2,3] 连展 杨永增[1,2,3] SUN Bao-nan;LIAN Zhan;YANG Yong-zeng(First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao Shandong 266061,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]海洋环境科学和数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室区域海洋动力学和数值模拟功能实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《船海工程》2018年第2期15-19,共5页Ship & Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1402304);国家自然科学基金(U1406404);山东省自然科学基金(2015ASKJ01)

摘　　要：针对波浪破碎对油滴垂直混合的影响问题,建立覆盖整个渤海海域的高分辨率海浪数值模式。根据波浪对油滴垂直混合影响的理论表达形式,基于数值模式模拟结果,分析卷入海面以下的残油量对不同波动能量损耗率和卷入深度计算方案的敏感性。结果显示,采用Yuan等根据实际海况导出的破碎卷入深度和破碎能量损耗率表达式,可以更好地再现油滴在不同波浪破碎背景情况下下沉及上浮的整个过程。通过与Envisat SAR卫星的观测结果相对比,理论与数值模拟相结合的方法可以很好地重现溢油入海后海面残油量的长期变化趋势。当考虑波浪效应后,估计海面残油量可由40%以上缩小至20%左右,与卫星观测结果中的约25%相比非常接近,进一步显示了波浪破碎过程对油滴垂直混合的重要影响,以及在溢油入海后海面残油量估计中考虑波浪破碎效应的必要性。In order to study the impact of wave breaking to the vertical mixing of oil drops,a high resolution ocean wave numerical model which covered the entire Bohai sea was established.According to the theoretical expression of the relationship between ocean wave and oil drop vertical mixing,and the numerical simulation,the sensitivity analysis of oil residue on surface to the intrusion depth and the wave energy dissipation was conducted.The result showed that the intrusion depth and the wave energy dissipation derived by Yuan based on the reality oceanic conditions could better represent the entire vertical floating process of oil drop under different oceanic conditions.Comparing with the satellite observation,the theoretical method and numerical model could reproduce the variation trend of the oil residue on surface quite well.When the impaction of wave was considered,the oil residue on surface was estimated from 40%to about 20%,which is quite close to the amount of 20%showed in the satellite observation.The study further indicated that the wave breaking play a vital important role in the vertical mixing of oil drops,and confirm that it is necessary to include the wave breaking process in estimating the oil residue on surface.

关 键 词：波浪 油滴垂直混合 数值模拟 实际验证 

分 类 号：U698.7[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]