我国低价药品可及性现状分析:来自全国24个省/市的实证研究  

The analysis of low cost medicine's accessibility in China:Based on the empirical study from 24 provinces and cities

作　　者：杜雯雯[1] 徐伟[1] 蔡功杰 马丽[1] DU Wen-wen;XU Wei;CAI Gong-jie;MA Li(School of International Pharmaceutical Business of China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211198,China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学国际医药商学院,江苏南京211198

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2018年第3期72-77,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71273278)

摘　　要：目的:分析国家低价药品政策实施以来低价药品可及性的现状。方法:利用国家卫生计生委提供的全国24个省/市数据,从低价药品总体情况、可获得性、可负担性三方面分析低价药品可及性现状,并分析影响可及性的因素。结果:虽然低价药品政策在临床的认知度不高,但低价药品的可及性很高。在可获得性方面,只是部分低价药品在个别省份、地区和医疗机构出现短时间、小范围、间歇式的断供和紧缺,并未出现大范围长时间的断货甚至消失;在可负担性方面,虽然低价药品政策实施后低价药品价格普遍上涨,但其仍然是可负担的,造成部分药品供应不足的主要原因是低价药品价格低、限价交易等价格因素,以及原材料短缺(垄断)、部分药品市场需求小等供需因素。结论:政府要强化医疗机构对低价药品政策认知度,激励低价药品在临床领域的应用。同时,引导企业合理制定价格,避免药价虚低或虚高;完善低价药品采购制度,合理确定低价药品挂网采购中入围企业数量和标准;加强对低价药品供应链环节的综合监管,建立覆盖供应链体系的沟通机制,以保障低价药品的有序供应。Objective:To analyze the satiation of low cost medicine at present and provide suggestions for improving the low cost medicine policy since it has been conducted.Methods:The article uses the statistics from 24 provinces and cities to analyse the accessibility of low cost medicine with the angles of general condition,procurability and affordability.Results:The accessibility of low cost medicine is high through its policy knowledge is low.For procurability,there are only part of low cost medicine lacking in several areas momently;for affordability,the price of low cost medicine is affordable even through its price has been raised after the performance of policy.The reasons for shortage includes low price,check price transaction,lack of raw and processed material and small quantity demand of some medicine,etc.Conclusions:We suggest that government should improve the knowledge of this policy in hospitals and encourage low cost medicine in clinical applications.It also should lead companies to set the appropriate price and refine the purchasing system which will avoid the too high or too low price and help to ensure the amount and standard of companies that be selected in purchasing online.At the same time,government is supposed to strengthen the supervision on supply chain of low cost medicine and establish the communication mechanism for supply system in order to guarantee the regulated supply of low cost medicine.

关 键 词：低价药品 可及性 实证研究 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]