2016年5月7—8日抚州地区对流天气过程特征及能量变化分析  

Study on Convective Feature and Energy Variation of Heavy Rain in Fuzhou of Jiangxi During 7-8 May 2016

作　　者：刘春 肖雯 Liu Chun;Xiao Wen(The Meteorological Observatory of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330096,China;The Public Meteorological Service Centre of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象台,江西南昌330096 [2]江西省气象服务中心,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2017年第4期302-311,共10页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：2017年江西省气象局预报员专项"超强台风‘尼伯特’和‘莫拉蒂’对江西影响综合分析"

摘　　要：基于NCEP再分析资料和常规气象观测资料,采用数值模拟方法,从大尺度环流、中尺度系统和对流能量三方面,对2016年5月7—8日江西省抚州地区的一次连续性对流天气过程的两个阶段暴雨进行了对比分析。结果表明,对流层高层辐散气流、中层短波槽前正涡度平流、低层切变线和低空急流的良好配置以及系统长时间的稳定维持,是造成此次连续性对流过程的主要原因。阶段一,对流在切变线附近产生,对流产生后形成的中尺度锋区又使得新对流在锋区附近激发,形成列车效应,造成了暴雨的发生;阶段二,对流位于暖区,由降水区上游移来的对流系统在低层暖中心附近得到发展加强,暖中心的长时间维持造成了暴雨的发生。阶段一的能量主要来源于前期大气积累的不稳定能量;阶段二的能量则是在西南气流输送下数小时内快速累积。Based on NCEP re-analysis data,meteorological observation and regional automatic weather station data,two-stage rainstorm of the continuous convectional precipitation occurred in 7-8,May 2016 in south-central Jiangxi is discussed using numerical simulation.The results show that the main causes of this process are the divergence at upper level,the positive vorticity advection before the short-wave trough at middle level,and the good condition of the shear line and jet stream at lower level.In stage one of the process,the convective cells were formed around the shear,and then the meso-scale temperature front motivated the formation of new convective systems.The steering flow at upper level led the convective systems move towards the rainy area and formed the train effect that caused the heavy rain in Fuzhou.In stage two,the convective systems led by the upper short wave trough were enhanced in the warm center and then moved to Fuzhou,which caused the heavy rain.There were different energy sources in two stages.The source of energy in stage one mainly originated from the instable energy accumulation of this district in earlier phase,while the energy of stage two was accumulated fast by the transport of southwestern jet from the upstream.

关 键 词：暴雨 急流 带状回波 能量条件 列车效应 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]